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Disminuir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to diminish, reduce, decrease”.
Below are all of the conjugations for disminuir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to diminish, reduce, decrease |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | disminuir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está disminuyendo) and past continuous (estaba disminuyendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. diminishing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he disminuido and hubiera disminuido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have diminished).
| Gerundio / Gerund | disminuyendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | disminuido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I diminish” or “they diminish”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | disminuyo |
| Tú | disminuyes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disminuye |
| Nosotros / as | disminuimos |
| Vosotros / as | disminuís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disminuyen |
| Vos | disminuís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I diminished” or “she diminished” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disminuí | I diminished |
| Tú | disminuiste | You diminished |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disminuyó | He / she / you diminished |
| Nosotros / as | disminuimos | We diminished |
| Vosotros / as | disminuisteis | You diminished |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disminuyeron | They / you diminished |
| Vos | disminuiste | You diminished |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was diminishing” or “she was diminishing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disminuía | I was diminishing |
| Tú | disminuías | You were diminishing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disminuía | He was / she was / you were diminishing |
| Nosotros / as | disminuíamos | We were diminishing |
| Vosotros / as | disminuíais | You were diminishing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disminuían | They / you were diminishing |
| Vos | disminuías | You were diminishing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have diminished” and “she has diminished”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he disminuido | I have diminished |
| Tú | has disminuido | You have diminished |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha disminuido | He has / she has / you have diminished |
| Nosotros / as | hemos disminuido | We have diminished |
| Vosotros / as | habéis disminuido | You have diminished |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han disminuido | They / you have diminished |
| Vos | has disminuido | You have diminished |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would diminish” or “she would diminish”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disminuiría | I would diminish |
| Tú | disminuirías | You would diminish |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disminuiría | He / she / you would diminish |
| Nosotros / as | disminuiríamos | We would diminish |
| Vosotros / as | disminuiríais | You would diminish |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disminuirían | They / you would diminish |
| Vos | disminuirías | You would diminish |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will diminish” or “they will diminish”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a disminuir” means “They are going to diminish”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disminuiré | I will diminish |
| Tú | disminuirás | You will diminish |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disminuirá | He / she / you will diminish |
| Nosotros / as | disminuiremos | We will diminish |
| Vosotros / as | disminuiréis | You will diminish |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disminuirán | They / you will diminish |
| Vos | disminuirás | You will diminish |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | disminuya |
| Tú | disminuyas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disminuya |
| Nosotros / as | disminuyamos |
| Vosotros / as | disminuyáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disminuyan |
| Vos | disminuyas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | disminuyera | disminuyese |
| Tú | disminuyeras | disminuyese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disminuyera | disminuyese |
| Nosotros / as | disminuyéramos | disminuyésemos |
| Vosotros / as | disminuyerais | disminuyeseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disminuyeran | disminuyesen |
| Vos | disminuyeras | disminuyese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | disminuyere |
| Tú | disminuyeres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disminuyera |
| Nosotros / as | disminuyéremos |
| Vosotros / as | disminuyereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disminuyeren |
| Vos | disminuyeres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “diminish!” and “don’t diminish!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | disminuye | no disminuyas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | disminuya | no disminuya |
| Nosotros / as | disminuyamos | no disminuyamos |
| Vosotros / as | disminuid | no disminuyáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | disminuyan | no disminuyan |
| Vos | disminuí | no disminuyas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya disminuido |
| Tú | hayas disminuido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya disminuido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos disminuido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis disminuido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan disminuido |
| Vos | hayas disminuido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera disminuido / hubiese disminuido |
| Tú | hubieras disminuido / hubieses disminuido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera disminuido / hubiese disminuido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos disminuido / hubiésemos disminuido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais disminuido / hubieseis disminuido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran disminuido / hubiesen disminuido |
| Vos | hubieras disminuido / hubieses disminuido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere disminuido |
| Tú | hubieres disminuido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere disminuido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos disminuido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis disminuido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren disminuido |
| Vos | hubieres disminuido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté disminuyendo |
| Tú | estés disminuyendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté disminuyendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos disminuyendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis disminuyendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén disminuyendo |
| Vos | estés disminuyendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera disminuyendo / estuviese disminuyendo |
| Tú | estuvieras disminuyendo / estuvieses disminuyendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera disminuyendo / estuviese disminuyendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos disminuyendo / estuviésamos disminuyendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais disminuyendo / estuvieseis disminuyendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera disminuyendo / estuviese disminuyendo |
| Vos | estuvieras disminuyendo / estuvieses disminuyendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere disminuyendo |
| Tú | estuvieres disminuyendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere disminuyendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos disminuyendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis disminuyendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere disminuyendo |
| Vos | estuvieres disminuyendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos disminuís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos disminuiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos disminuías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos disminuirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos disminuirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos disminuyas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos disminuyeras / Vos disminuyese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos disminuí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no disminuyas |