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Dotar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to endow, bequeath, furnish, provide”.
Below are all of the conjugations for dotar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to endow, bequeath, furnish, provide |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | dotar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está dotando) and past continuous (estaba dotando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. endowing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he dotado and hubiera dotado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have endowed).
| Gerundio / Gerund | dotando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | dotado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I endow” or “they endow”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | doto |
| Tú | dotas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | dota |
| Nosotros / as | dotamos |
| Vosotros / as | dotáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | dotan |
| Vos | dotás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I endowed” or “she endowed” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | doté | I endowed |
| Tú | dotaste | You endowed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | dotó | He / she / you endowed |
| Nosotros / as | dotamos | We endowed |
| Vosotros / as | dotasteis | You endowed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | dotaron | They / you endowed |
| Vos | dotaste | You endowed |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was endowing” or “she was endowing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | dotaba | I was endowing |
| Tú | dotabas | You were endowing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | dotaba | He was / she was / you were endowing |
| Nosotros / as | dotábamos | We were endowing |
| Vosotros / as | dotabais | You were endowing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | dotaban | They / you were endowing |
| Vos | dotabas | You were endowing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have endowed” and “she has endowed”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he dotado | I have endowed |
| Tú | has dotado | You have endowed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha dotado | He has / she has / you have endowed |
| Nosotros / as | hemos dotado | We have endowed |
| Vosotros / as | habéis dotado | You have endowed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han dotado | They / you have endowed |
| Vos | has dotado | You have endowed |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would endow” or “she would endow”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | dotaría | I would endow |
| Tú | dotarías | You would endow |
| Él / Ella / Usted | dotaría | He / she / you would endow |
| Nosotros / as | dotaríamos | We would endow |
| Vosotros / as | dotaríais | You would endow |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | dotarían | They / you would endow |
| Vos | dotarías | You would endow |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will endow” or “they will endow”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a dotar” means “They are going to endow”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | dotaré | I will endow |
| Tú | dotarás | You will endow |
| Él / Ella / Usted | dotará | He / she / you will endow |
| Nosotros / as | dotaremos | We will endow |
| Vosotros / as | dotaréis | You will endow |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | dotarán | They / you will endow |
| Vos | dotarás | You will endow |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | dote |
| Tú | dotes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | dote |
| Nosotros / as | dotemos |
| Vosotros / as | dotéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | doten |
| Vos | dotes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | dotara | dotase |
| Tú | dotaras | dotase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | dotara | dotase |
| Nosotros / as | dotáramos | dotásemos |
| Vosotros / as | dotarais | dotaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | dotaran | dotasen |
| Vos | dotaras | dotase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | dotare |
| Tú | dotares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | dotare |
| Nosotros / as | dotáremos |
| Vosotros / as | dotareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | dotaren |
| Vos | dotares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “endow!” and “don’t endow!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | dota | no dotes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | dote | no dote |
| Nosotros / as | dotemos | no dotemos |
| Vosotros / as | dotad | no dotéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | doten | no doten |
| Vos | dotá | no dotes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya dotado |
| Tú | hayas dotado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya dotado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos dotado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis dotado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan dotado |
| Vos | hayas dotado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera dotado / hubiese dotado |
| Tú | hubieras dotado / hubieses dotado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera dotado / hubiese dotado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos dotado / hubiésemos dotado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais dotado / hubieseis dotado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran dotado / hubiesen dotado |
| Vos | hubieras dotado / hubieses dotado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere dotado |
| Tú | hubieres dotado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere dotado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos dotado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis dotado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren dotado |
| Vos | hubieres dotado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté dotando |
| Tú | estés dotando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté dotando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos dotando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis dotando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén dotando |
| Vos | estés dotando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera dotando / estuviese dotando |
| Tú | estuvieras dotando / estuvieses dotando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera dotando / estuviese dotando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos dotando / estuviésamos dotando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais dotando / estuvieseis dotando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera dotando / estuviese dotando |
| Vos | estuvieras dotando / estuvieses dotando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere dotando |
| Tú | estuvieres dotando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere dotando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos dotando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis dotando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere dotando |
| Vos | estuvieres dotando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos dotás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos dotaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos dotabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos dotarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos dotarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos dotes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos dotaras / Vos dotase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos dotá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no dotes |