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Duplicar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to duplicate, copy”.
Below are all of the conjugations for duplicar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to duplicate, copy |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | duplicar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está duplicando) and past continuous (estaba duplicando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. duplicating).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he duplicado and hubiera duplicado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have duplicated).
| Gerundio / Gerund | duplicando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | duplicado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I duplicate” or “they duplicate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | duplico |
| Tú | duplicas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | duplica |
| Nosotros / as | duplicamos |
| Vosotros / as | duplicáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | duplican |
| Vos | duplicás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I duplicated” or “she duplicated” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | dupliqué | I duplicated |
| Tú | duplicaste | You duplicated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | duplicó | He / she / you duplicated |
| Nosotros / as | duplicamos | We duplicated |
| Vosotros / as | duplicasteis | You duplicated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | duplicaron | They / you duplicated |
| Vos | duplicaste | You duplicated |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was duplicating” or “she was duplicating” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | duplicaba | I was duplicating |
| Tú | duplicabas | You were duplicating |
| Él / Ella / Usted | duplicaba | He was / she was / you were duplicating |
| Nosotros / as | duplicábamos | We were duplicating |
| Vosotros / as | duplicabais | You were duplicating |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | duplicaban | They / you were duplicating |
| Vos | duplicabas | You were duplicating |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have duplicated” and “she has duplicated”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he duplicado | I have duplicated |
| Tú | has duplicado | You have duplicated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha duplicado | He has / she has / you have duplicated |
| Nosotros / as | hemos duplicado | We have duplicated |
| Vosotros / as | habéis duplicado | You have duplicated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han duplicado | They / you have duplicated |
| Vos | has duplicado | You have duplicated |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would duplicate” or “she would duplicate”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | duplicaría | I would duplicate |
| Tú | duplicarías | You would duplicate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | duplicaría | He / she / you would duplicate |
| Nosotros / as | duplicaríamos | We would duplicate |
| Vosotros / as | duplicaríais | You would duplicate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | duplicarían | They / you would duplicate |
| Vos | duplicarías | You would duplicate |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will duplicate” or “they will duplicate”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a duplicar” means “They are going to duplicate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | duplicaré | I will duplicate |
| Tú | duplicarás | You will duplicate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | duplicará | He / she / you will duplicate |
| Nosotros / as | duplicaremos | We will duplicate |
| Vosotros / as | duplicaréis | You will duplicate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | duplicarán | They / you will duplicate |
| Vos | duplicarás | You will duplicate |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | duplique |
| Tú | dupliques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | duplique |
| Nosotros / as | dupliquemos |
| Vosotros / as | dupliquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | dupliquen |
| Vos | dupliques |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | duplicara | duplicase |
| Tú | duplicaras | duplicase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | duplicara | duplicase |
| Nosotros / as | duplicáramos | duplicásemos |
| Vosotros / as | duplicarais | duplicaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | duplicaran | duplicasen |
| Vos | duplicaras | duplicase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | duplicare |
| Tú | duplicares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | duplicare |
| Nosotros / as | duplicáremos |
| Vosotros / as | duplicareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | duplicaren |
| Vos | duplicares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “duplicate!” and “don’t duplicate!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | duplica | no dupliques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | duplique | no duplique |
| Nosotros / as | dupliquemos | no dupliquemos |
| Vosotros / as | duplicad | no dupliquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | dupliquen | no dupliquen |
| Vos | duplicá | no dupliques |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya duplicado |
| Tú | hayas duplicado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya duplicado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos duplicado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis duplicado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan duplicado |
| Vos | hayas duplicado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera duplicado / hubiese duplicado |
| Tú | hubieras duplicado / hubieses duplicado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera duplicado / hubiese duplicado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos duplicado / hubiésemos duplicado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais duplicado / hubieseis duplicado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran duplicado / hubiesen duplicado |
| Vos | hubieras duplicado / hubieses duplicado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere duplicado |
| Tú | hubieres duplicado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere duplicado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos duplicado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis duplicado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren duplicado |
| Vos | hubieres duplicado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté duplicando |
| Tú | estés duplicando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté duplicando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos duplicando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis duplicando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén duplicando |
| Vos | estés duplicando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera duplicando / estuviese duplicando |
| Tú | estuvieras duplicando / estuvieses duplicando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera duplicando / estuviese duplicando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos duplicando / estuviésamos duplicando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais duplicando / estuvieseis duplicando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera duplicando / estuviese duplicando |
| Vos | estuvieras duplicando / estuvieses duplicando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere duplicando |
| Tú | estuvieres duplicando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere duplicando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos duplicando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis duplicando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere duplicando |
| Vos | estuvieres duplicando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos duplicás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos duplicaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos duplicabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos duplicarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos duplicarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos dupliques |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos duplicaras / Vos duplicase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos duplicá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no dupliques |