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Economizar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to economize, save”.
Below are all of the conjugations for economizar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to economize, save |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | economizar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está economizando) and past continuous (estaba economizando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. economizing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he economizado and hubiera economizado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have economized).
| Gerundio / Gerund | economizando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | economizado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I economize” or “they economize”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | economizo |
| Tú | economizas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | economiza |
| Nosotros / as | economizamos |
| Vosotros / as | economizáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | economizan |
| Vos | economizás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I economized” or “she economized” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | economicé | I economized |
| Tú | economizaste | You economized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | economizó | He / she / you economized |
| Nosotros / as | economizamos | We economized |
| Vosotros / as | economizasteis | You economized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | economizaron | They / you economized |
| Vos | economizaste | You economized |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was economizing” or “she was economizing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | economizaba | I was economizing |
| Tú | economizabas | You were economizing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | economizaba | He was / she was / you were economizing |
| Nosotros / as | economizábamos | We were economizing |
| Vosotros / as | economizabais | You were economizing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | economizaban | They / you were economizing |
| Vos | economizabas | You were economizing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have economized” and “she has economized”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he economizado | I have economized |
| Tú | has economizado | You have economized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha economizado | He has / she has / you have economized |
| Nosotros / as | hemos economizado | We have economized |
| Vosotros / as | habéis economizado | You have economized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han economizado | They / you have economized |
| Vos | has economizado | You have economized |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would economize” or “she would economize”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | economizaría | I would economize |
| Tú | economizarías | You would economize |
| Él / Ella / Usted | economizaría | He / she / you would economize |
| Nosotros / as | economizaríamos | We would economize |
| Vosotros / as | economizaríais | You would economize |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | economizarían | They / you would economize |
| Vos | economizarías | You would economize |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will economize” or “they will economize”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a economizar” means “They are going to economize”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | economizaré | I will economize |
| Tú | economizarás | You will economize |
| Él / Ella / Usted | economizará | He / she / you will economize |
| Nosotros / as | economizaremos | We will economize |
| Vosotros / as | economizaréis | You will economize |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | economizarán | They / you will economize |
| Vos | economizarás | You will economize |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | economice |
| Tú | economices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | economice |
| Nosotros / as | economicemos |
| Vosotros / as | economicéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | economicen |
| Vos | economices |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | economizara | economizase |
| Tú | economizaras | economizase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | economizara | economizase |
| Nosotros / as | economizáramos | economizásemos |
| Vosotros / as | economizarais | economizaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | economizaran | economizasen |
| Vos | economizaras | economizase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | economizare |
| Tú | economizares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | economizare |
| Nosotros / as | economizáremos |
| Vosotros / as | economizareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | economizaren |
| Vos | economizares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “economize!” and “don’t economize!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | economiza | no economices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | economice | no economice |
| Nosotros / as | economicemos | no economicemos |
| Vosotros / as | economizad | no economicéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | economicen | no economicen |
| Vos | economizá | no economices |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya economizado |
| Tú | hayas economizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya economizado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos economizado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis economizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan economizado |
| Vos | hayas economizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera economizado / hubiese economizado |
| Tú | hubieras economizado / hubieses economizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera economizado / hubiese economizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos economizado / hubiésemos economizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais economizado / hubieseis economizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran economizado / hubiesen economizado |
| Vos | hubieras economizado / hubieses economizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere economizado |
| Tú | hubieres economizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere economizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos economizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis economizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren economizado |
| Vos | hubieres economizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté economizando |
| Tú | estés economizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté economizando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos economizando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis economizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén economizando |
| Vos | estés economizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera economizando / estuviese economizando |
| Tú | estuvieras economizando / estuvieses economizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera economizando / estuviese economizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos economizando / estuviésamos economizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais economizando / estuvieseis economizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera economizando / estuviese economizando |
| Vos | estuvieras economizando / estuvieses economizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere economizando |
| Tú | estuvieres economizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere economizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos economizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis economizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere economizando |
| Vos | estuvieres economizando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos economizás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos economizaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos economizabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos economizarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos economizarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos economices |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos economizaras / Vos economizase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos economizá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no economices |