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Emerger is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to emerge”.
Below are all of the conjugations for emerger in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to emerge |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | emerger |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está emergiendo) and past continuous (estaba emergiendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. emerging).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he emergido and hubiera emergido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have emerged).
| Gerundio / Gerund | emergiendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | emergido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I emerge” or “they emerge”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | emerjo |
| Tú | emerges |
| Él / Ella / Usted | emerge |
| Nosotros / as | emergemos |
| Vosotros / as | emergéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | emergen |
| Vos | emergís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I emerged” or “she emerged” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | emergí | I emerged |
| Tú | emergiste | You emerged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | emergió | He / she / you emerged |
| Nosotros / as | emergimos | We emerged |
| Vosotros / as | emergisteis | You emerged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | emergieron | They / you emerged |
| Vos | emergiste | You emerged |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was emerging” or “she was emerging” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | emergía | I was emerging |
| Tú | emergías | You were emerging |
| Él / Ella / Usted | emergía | He was / she was / you were emerging |
| Nosotros / as | emergíamos | We were emerging |
| Vosotros / as | emergíais | You were emerging |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | emergían | They / you were emerging |
| Vos | emergías | You were emerging |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have emerged” and “she has emerged”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he emergido | I have emerged |
| Tú | has emergido | You have emerged |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha emergido | He has / she has / you have emerged |
| Nosotros / as | hemos emergido | We have emerged |
| Vosotros / as | habéis emergido | You have emerged |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han emergido | They / you have emerged |
| Vos | has emergido | You have emerged |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would emerge” or “she would emerge”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | emergería | I would emerge |
| Tú | emergerías | You would emerge |
| Él / Ella / Usted | emergería | He / she / you would emerge |
| Nosotros / as | emergeríamos | We would emerge |
| Vosotros / as | emergeríais | You would emerge |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | emergerían | They / you would emerge |
| Vos | emergerías | You would emerge |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will emerge” or “they will emerge”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a emerger” means “They are going to emerge”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | emergeré | I will emerge |
| Tú | emergerás | You will emerge |
| Él / Ella / Usted | emergerá | He / she / you will emerge |
| Nosotros / as | emergeremos | We will emerge |
| Vosotros / as | emergeréis | You will emerge |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | emergerán | They / you will emerge |
| Vos | emergerás | You will emerge |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | emerja |
| Tú | emerjas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | emerja |
| Nosotros / as | emerjamos |
| Vosotros / as | emerjáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | emerjan |
| Vos | emerjas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | emergiera | emergiese |
| Tú | emergieras | emergiese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | emergiera | emergiese |
| Nosotros / as | emergiéramos | emergiésemos |
| Vosotros / as | emergierais | emergieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | emergieran | emergiesen |
| Vos | emergieras | emergiese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | emergiere |
| Tú | emergieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | emergiere |
| Nosotros / as | emergiéremos |
| Vosotros / as | emergiereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | emergieren |
| Vos | emergieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “emerge!” and “don’t emerge!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | emerge | no emerjas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | emerja | no emerja |
| Nosotros / as | emerjamos | no emerjamos |
| Vosotros / as | emerged | no emerjáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | emerjan | no emerjan |
| Vos | emergí | no emerjas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya emergido |
| Tú | hayas emergido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya emergido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos emergido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis emergido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan emergido |
| Vos | hayas emergido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera emergido / hubiese emergido |
| Tú | hubieras emergido / hubieses emergido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera emergido / hubiese emergido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos emergido / hubiésemos emergido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais emergido / hubieseis emergido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran emergido / hubiesen emergido |
| Vos | hubieras emergido / hubieses emergido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere emergido |
| Tú | hubieres emergido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere emergido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos emergido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis emergido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren emergido |
| Vos | hubieres emergido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté emergiendo |
| Tú | estés emergiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté emergiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos emergiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis emergiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén emergiendo |
| Vos | estés emergiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera emergiendo / estuviese emergiendo |
| Tú | estuvieras emergiendo / estuvieses emergiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera emergiendo / estuviese emergiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos emergiendo / estuviésamos emergiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais emergiendo / estuvieseis emergiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera emergiendo / estuviese emergiendo |
| Vos | estuvieras emergiendo / estuvieses emergiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere emergiendo |
| Tú | estuvieres emergiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere emergiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos emergiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis emergiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere emergiendo |
| Vos | estuvieres emergiendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos emergís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos emergiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos emergías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos emergerías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos emergerás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos emerjas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos emergieras / Vos emergiese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos emergí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no emerjas |