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Enfocar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to focus, consider, look at”.
Below are all of the conjugations for enfocar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to focus, consider, look at |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | enfocar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está enfocando) and past continuous (estaba enfocando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. focusing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he enfocado and hubiera enfocado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have focused).
| Gerundio / Gerund | enfocando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | enfocado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I focus” or “they focus”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | enfoco |
| Tú | enfocas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enfoca |
| Nosotros / as | enfocamos |
| Vosotros / as | enfocáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enfocan |
| Vos | enfocás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I focused” or “she focused” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | enfoqué | I focused |
| Tú | enfocaste | You focused |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enfocó | He / she / you focused |
| Nosotros / as | enfocamos | We focused |
| Vosotros / as | enfocasteis | You focused |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enfocaron | They / you focused |
| Vos | enfocaste | You focused |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was focusing” or “she was focusing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | enfocaba | I was focusing |
| Tú | enfocabas | You were focusing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enfocaba | He was / she was / you were focusing |
| Nosotros / as | enfocábamos | We were focusing |
| Vosotros / as | enfocabais | You were focusing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enfocaban | They / you were focusing |
| Vos | enfocabas | You were focusing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have focused” and “she has focused”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he enfocado | I have focused |
| Tú | has enfocado | You have focused |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha enfocado | He has / she has / you have focused |
| Nosotros / as | hemos enfocado | We have focused |
| Vosotros / as | habéis enfocado | You have focused |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han enfocado | They / you have focused |
| Vos | has enfocado | You have focused |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would focus” or “she would focus”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | enfocaría | I would focus |
| Tú | enfocarías | You would focus |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enfocaría | He / she / you would focus |
| Nosotros / as | enfocaríamos | We would focus |
| Vosotros / as | enfocaríais | You would focus |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enfocarían | They / you would focus |
| Vos | enfocarías | You would focus |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will focus” or “they will focus”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a enfocar” means “They are going to focus”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | enfocaré | I will focus |
| Tú | enfocarás | You will focus |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enfocará | He / she / you will focus |
| Nosotros / as | enfocaremos | We will focus |
| Vosotros / as | enfocaréis | You will focus |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enfocarán | They / you will focus |
| Vos | enfocarás | You will focus |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | enfoque |
| Tú | enfoques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enfoque |
| Nosotros / as | enfoquemos |
| Vosotros / as | enfoquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enfoquen |
| Vos | enfoques |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | enfocara | enfocase |
| Tú | enfocaras | enfocase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enfocara | enfocase |
| Nosotros / as | enfocáramos | enfocásemos |
| Vosotros / as | enfocarais | enfocaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enfocaran | enfocasen |
| Vos | enfocaras | enfocase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | enfocare |
| Tú | enfocares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enfocare |
| Nosotros / as | enfocáremos |
| Vosotros / as | enfocareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enfocaren |
| Vos | enfocares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “focus!” and “don’t focus!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | enfoca | no enfoques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | enfoque | no enfoque |
| Nosotros / as | enfoquemos | no enfoquemos |
| Vosotros / as | enfocad | no enfoquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | enfoquen | no enfoquen |
| Vos | enfocá | no enfoques |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya enfocado |
| Tú | hayas enfocado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya enfocado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos enfocado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis enfocado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan enfocado |
| Vos | hayas enfocado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera enfocado / hubiese enfocado |
| Tú | hubieras enfocado / hubieses enfocado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera enfocado / hubiese enfocado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos enfocado / hubiésemos enfocado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais enfocado / hubieseis enfocado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran enfocado / hubiesen enfocado |
| Vos | hubieras enfocado / hubieses enfocado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere enfocado |
| Tú | hubieres enfocado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere enfocado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos enfocado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis enfocado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren enfocado |
| Vos | hubieres enfocado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté enfocando |
| Tú | estés enfocando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté enfocando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos enfocando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis enfocando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén enfocando |
| Vos | estés enfocando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera enfocando / estuviese enfocando |
| Tú | estuvieras enfocando / estuvieses enfocando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera enfocando / estuviese enfocando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos enfocando / estuviésamos enfocando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais enfocando / estuvieseis enfocando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera enfocando / estuviese enfocando |
| Vos | estuvieras enfocando / estuvieses enfocando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere enfocando |
| Tú | estuvieres enfocando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere enfocando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos enfocando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis enfocando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere enfocando |
| Vos | estuvieres enfocando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos enfocás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos enfocaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos enfocabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos enfocarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos enfocarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos enfoques |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos enfocaras / Vos enfocase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos enfocá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no enfoques |