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Engrandecer is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to increase, enlarge”.
Below are all of the conjugations for engrandecer in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to increase, enlarge |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | engrandecer |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está engrandeciendo) and past continuous (estaba engrandeciendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. increasing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he engrandecido and hubiera engrandecido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have increased).
| Gerundio / Gerund | engrandeciendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | engrandecido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I increase” or “they increase”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | engrandezco |
| Tú | engrandeces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | engrandece |
| Nosotros / as | engrandecemos |
| Vosotros / as | engrandecéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | engrandecen |
| Vos | engrandecés |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I increased” or “she increased” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | engrandecí | I increased |
| Tú | engrandeciste | You increased |
| Él / Ella / Usted | engrandeció | He / she / you increased |
| Nosotros / as | engrandecimos | We increased |
| Vosotros / as | engrandecisteis | You increased |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | engrandecieron | They / you increased |
| Vos | engrandeciste | You increased |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was increasing” or “she was increasing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | engrandecía | I was increasing |
| Tú | engrandecías | You were increasing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | engrandecía | He was / she was / you were increasing |
| Nosotros / as | engrandecíamos | We were increasing |
| Vosotros / as | engrandecíais | You were increasing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | engrandecían | They / you were increasing |
| Vos | engrandecías | You were increasing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have increased” and “she has increased”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he engrandecido | I have increased |
| Tú | has engrandecido | You have increased |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha engrandecido | He has / she has / you have increased |
| Nosotros / as | hemos engrandecido | We have increased |
| Vosotros / as | habéis engrandecido | You have increased |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han engrandecido | They / you have increased |
| Vos | has engrandecido | You have increased |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would increase” or “she would increase”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | engrandecería | I would increase |
| Tú | engrandecerías | You would increase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | engrandecería | He / she / you would increase |
| Nosotros / as | engrandeceríamos | We would increase |
| Vosotros / as | engrandeceríais | You would increase |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | engrandecerían | They / you would increase |
| Vos | engrandecerías | You would increase |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will increase” or “they will increase”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a engrandecer” means “They are going to increase”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | engrandeceré | I will increase |
| Tú | engrandecerás | You will increase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | engrandecerá | He / she / you will increase |
| Nosotros / as | engrandeceremos | We will increase |
| Vosotros / as | engrandeceréis | You will increase |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | engrandecerán | They / you will increase |
| Vos | engrandecerás | You will increase |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | engrandezca |
| Tú | engrandezcas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | engrandezca |
| Nosotros / as | engrandezcamos |
| Vosotros / as | engrandezcáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | engrandezcan |
| Vos | engrandezcas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | engrandeciera | engrandeciese |
| Tú | engrandecieras | engrandeciese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | engrandeciera | engrandeciese |
| Nosotros / as | engrandeciéramos | engrandeciésemos |
| Vosotros / as | engrandecierais | engrandecieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | engrandecieran | engrandeciesen |
| Vos | engrandecieras | engrandeciese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | engrandeciere |
| Tú | engrandecieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | engrandeciere |
| Nosotros / as | engrandeciéremos |
| Vosotros / as | engrandeciereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | engrandecieren |
| Vos | engrandecieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “increase!” and “don’t increase!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | engrandece | no engrandezcas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | engrandezca | no engrandezca |
| Nosotros / as | engrandezcamos | no engrandezcamos |
| Vosotros / as | engrandeced | no engrandezcáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | engrandezcan | no engrandezcan |
| Vos | engrandecé | no engrandezcas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya engrandecido |
| Tú | hayas engrandecido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya engrandecido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos engrandecido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis engrandecido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan engrandecido |
| Vos | hayas engrandecido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera engrandecido / hubiese engrandecido |
| Tú | hubieras engrandecido / hubieses engrandecido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera engrandecido / hubiese engrandecido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos engrandecido / hubiésemos engrandecido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais engrandecido / hubieseis engrandecido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran engrandecido / hubiesen engrandecido |
| Vos | hubieras engrandecido / hubieses engrandecido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere engrandecido |
| Tú | hubieres engrandecido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere engrandecido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos engrandecido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis engrandecido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren engrandecido |
| Vos | hubieres engrandecido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté engrandeciendo |
| Tú | estés engrandeciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté engrandeciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos engrandeciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis engrandeciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén engrandeciendo |
| Vos | estés engrandeciendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera engrandeciendo / estuviese engrandeciendo |
| Tú | estuvieras engrandeciendo / estuvieses engrandeciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera engrandeciendo / estuviese engrandeciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos engrandeciendo / estuviésamos engrandeciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais engrandeciendo / estuvieseis engrandeciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera engrandeciendo / estuviese engrandeciendo |
| Vos | estuvieras engrandeciendo / estuvieses engrandeciendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere engrandeciendo |
| Tú | estuvieres engrandeciendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere engrandeciendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos engrandeciendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis engrandeciendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere engrandeciendo |
| Vos | estuvieres engrandeciendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos engrandecés |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos engrandeciste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos engrandecías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos engrandecerías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos engrandecerás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos engrandezcas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos engrandecieras / Vos engrandeciese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos engrandecé |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no engrandezcas |