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Ensalzar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to exalt, glorify, praise”.
Below are all of the conjugations for ensalzar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to exalt, glorify, praise |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | ensalzar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está ensalzando) and past continuous (estaba ensalzando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. praising).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he ensalzado and hubiera ensalzado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have praised).
| Gerundio / Gerund | ensalzando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | ensalzado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I praise” or “they praise”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ensalzo |
| Tú | ensalzas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensalza |
| Nosotros / as | ensalzamos |
| Vosotros / as | ensalzáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensalzan |
| Vos | ensalzás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I praised” or “she praised” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ensalcé | I praised |
| Tú | ensalzaste | You praised |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensalzó | He / she / you praised |
| Nosotros / as | ensalzamos | We praised |
| Vosotros / as | ensalzasteis | You praised |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensalzaron | They / you praised |
| Vos | ensalzaste | You praised |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was praising” or “she was praising” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ensalzaba | I was praising |
| Tú | ensalzabas | You were praising |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensalzaba | He was / she was / you were praising |
| Nosotros / as | ensalzábamos | We were praising |
| Vosotros / as | ensalzabais | You were praising |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensalzaban | They / you were praising |
| Vos | ensalzabas | You were praising |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have praised” and “she has praised”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he ensalzado | I have praised |
| Tú | has ensalzado | You have praised |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha ensalzado | He has / she has / you have praised |
| Nosotros / as | hemos ensalzado | We have praised |
| Vosotros / as | habéis ensalzado | You have praised |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han ensalzado | They / you have praised |
| Vos | has ensalzado | You have praised |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would praise” or “she would praise”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ensalzaría | I would praise |
| Tú | ensalzarías | You would praise |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensalzaría | He / she / you would praise |
| Nosotros / as | ensalzaríamos | We would praise |
| Vosotros / as | ensalzaríais | You would praise |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensalzarían | They / you would praise |
| Vos | ensalzarías | You would praise |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will praise” or “they will praise”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a ensalzar” means “They are going to praise”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ensalzaré | I will praise |
| Tú | ensalzarás | You will praise |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensalzará | He / she / you will praise |
| Nosotros / as | ensalzaremos | We will praise |
| Vosotros / as | ensalzaréis | You will praise |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensalzarán | They / you will praise |
| Vos | ensalzarás | You will praise |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ensalce |
| Tú | ensalces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensalce |
| Nosotros / as | ensalcemos |
| Vosotros / as | ensalcéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensalcen |
| Vos | ensalces |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | ensalzara | ensalzase |
| Tú | ensalzaras | ensalzase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensalzara | ensalzase |
| Nosotros / as | ensalzáramos | ensalzásemos |
| Vosotros / as | ensalzarais | ensalzaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensalzaran | ensalzasen |
| Vos | ensalzaras | ensalzase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ensalzare |
| Tú | ensalzares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensalzare |
| Nosotros / as | ensalzáremos |
| Vosotros / as | ensalzareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensalzaren |
| Vos | ensalzares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “praise!” and “don’t praise!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | ensalza | no ensalces |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ensalce | no ensalce |
| Nosotros / as | ensalcemos | no ensalcemos |
| Vosotros / as | ensalzad | no ensalcéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | ensalcen | no ensalcen |
| Vos | ensalzá | no ensalces |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya ensalzado |
| Tú | hayas ensalzado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya ensalzado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos ensalzado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis ensalzado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan ensalzado |
| Vos | hayas ensalzado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera ensalzado / hubiese ensalzado |
| Tú | hubieras ensalzado / hubieses ensalzado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera ensalzado / hubiese ensalzado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos ensalzado / hubiésemos ensalzado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais ensalzado / hubieseis ensalzado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran ensalzado / hubiesen ensalzado |
| Vos | hubieras ensalzado / hubieses ensalzado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere ensalzado |
| Tú | hubieres ensalzado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere ensalzado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos ensalzado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis ensalzado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren ensalzado |
| Vos | hubieres ensalzado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté ensalzando |
| Tú | estés ensalzando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté ensalzando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos ensalzando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis ensalzando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén ensalzando |
| Vos | estés ensalzando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera ensalzando / estuviese ensalzando |
| Tú | estuvieras ensalzando / estuvieses ensalzando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera ensalzando / estuviese ensalzando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos ensalzando / estuviésamos ensalzando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais ensalzando / estuvieseis ensalzando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera ensalzando / estuviese ensalzando |
| Vos | estuvieras ensalzando / estuvieses ensalzando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere ensalzando |
| Tú | estuvieres ensalzando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere ensalzando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos ensalzando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis ensalzando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere ensalzando |
| Vos | estuvieres ensalzando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos ensalzás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos ensalzaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos ensalzabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos ensalzarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos ensalzarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos ensalces |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos ensalzaras / Vos ensalzase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos ensalzá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no ensalces |