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Estimar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to estimate, value, respect”.
Below are all of the conjugations for estimar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to estimate, value, respect |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | estimar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está estimando) and past continuous (estaba estimando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. estimating).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he estimado and hubiera estimado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have estimated).
| Gerundio / Gerund | estimando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | estimado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I estimate” or “they estimate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estimo |
| Tú | estimas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estima |
| Nosotros / as | estimamos |
| Vosotros / as | estimáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estiman |
| Vos | estimás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I estimated” or “she estimated” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estimé | I estimated |
| Tú | estimaste | You estimated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estimó | He / she / you estimated |
| Nosotros / as | estimamos | We estimated |
| Vosotros / as | estimasteis | You estimated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estimaron | They / you estimated |
| Vos | estimaste | You estimated |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was estimating” or “she was estimating” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estimaba | I was estimating |
| Tú | estimabas | You were estimating |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estimaba | He was / she was / you were estimating |
| Nosotros / as | estimábamos | We were estimating |
| Vosotros / as | estimabais | You were estimating |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estimaban | They / you were estimating |
| Vos | estimabas | You were estimating |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have estimated” and “she has estimated”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he estimado | I have estimated |
| Tú | has estimado | You have estimated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha estimado | He has / she has / you have estimated |
| Nosotros / as | hemos estimado | We have estimated |
| Vosotros / as | habéis estimado | You have estimated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han estimado | They / you have estimated |
| Vos | has estimado | You have estimated |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would estimate” or “she would estimate”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estimaría | I would estimate |
| Tú | estimarías | You would estimate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estimaría | He / she / you would estimate |
| Nosotros / as | estimaríamos | We would estimate |
| Vosotros / as | estimaríais | You would estimate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estimarían | They / you would estimate |
| Vos | estimarías | You would estimate |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will estimate” or “they will estimate”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a estimar” means “They are going to estimate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estimaré | I will estimate |
| Tú | estimarás | You will estimate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estimará | He / she / you will estimate |
| Nosotros / as | estimaremos | We will estimate |
| Vosotros / as | estimaréis | You will estimate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estimarán | They / you will estimate |
| Vos | estimarás | You will estimate |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estime |
| Tú | estimes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estime |
| Nosotros / as | estimemos |
| Vosotros / as | estiméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estimen |
| Vos | estimes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estimara | estimase |
| Tú | estimaras | estimase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estimara | estimase |
| Nosotros / as | estimáramos | estimásemos |
| Vosotros / as | estimarais | estimaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estimaran | estimasen |
| Vos | estimaras | estimase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estimare |
| Tú | estimares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estimare |
| Nosotros / as | estimáremos |
| Vosotros / as | estimareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estimaren |
| Vos | estimares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “estimate!” and “don’t estimate!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | estima | no estimes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estime | no estime |
| Nosotros / as | estimemos | no estimemos |
| Vosotros / as | estimad | no estiméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estimen | no estimen |
| Vos | estimá | no estimes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya estimado |
| Tú | hayas estimado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya estimado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos estimado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis estimado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan estimado |
| Vos | hayas estimado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera estimado / hubiese estimado |
| Tú | hubieras estimado / hubieses estimado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera estimado / hubiese estimado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos estimado / hubiésemos estimado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais estimado / hubieseis estimado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran estimado / hubiesen estimado |
| Vos | hubieras estimado / hubieses estimado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere estimado |
| Tú | hubieres estimado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere estimado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos estimado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis estimado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren estimado |
| Vos | hubieres estimado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté estimando |
| Tú | estés estimando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté estimando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos estimando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis estimando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén estimando |
| Vos | estés estimando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera estimando / estuviese estimando |
| Tú | estuvieras estimando / estuvieses estimando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera estimando / estuviese estimando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos estimando / estuviésamos estimando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais estimando / estuvieseis estimando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera estimando / estuviese estimando |
| Vos | estuvieras estimando / estuvieses estimando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere estimando |
| Tú | estuvieres estimando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere estimando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos estimando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis estimando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere estimando |
| Vos | estuvieres estimando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos estimás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos estimaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos estimabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos estimarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos estimarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos estimes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos estimaras / Vos estimase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos estimá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no estimes |