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Estirar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to stretch, extend”.
Below are all of the conjugations for estirar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to stretch, extend |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | estirar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está estirando) and past continuous (estaba estirando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. stretching).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he estirado and hubiera estirado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have stretched).
| Gerundio / Gerund | estirando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | estirado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I stretch” or “they stretch”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estiro |
| Tú | estiras |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estira |
| Nosotros / as | estiramos |
| Vosotros / as | estiráis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estiran |
| Vos | estirás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I stretched” or “she stretched” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estiré | I stretched |
| Tú | estiraste | You stretched |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estiró | He / she / you stretched |
| Nosotros / as | estiramos | We stretched |
| Vosotros / as | estirasteis | You stretched |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estiraron | They / you stretched |
| Vos | estiraste | You stretched |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was stretching” or “she was stretching” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estiraba | I was stretching |
| Tú | estirabas | You were stretching |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estiraba | He was / she was / you were stretching |
| Nosotros / as | estirábamos | We were stretching |
| Vosotros / as | estirabais | You were stretching |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estiraban | They / you were stretching |
| Vos | estirabas | You were stretching |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have stretched” and “she has stretched”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he estirado | I have stretched |
| Tú | has estirado | You have stretched |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha estirado | He has / she has / you have stretched |
| Nosotros / as | hemos estirado | We have stretched |
| Vosotros / as | habéis estirado | You have stretched |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han estirado | They / you have stretched |
| Vos | has estirado | You have stretched |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would stretch” or “she would stretch”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estiraría | I would stretch |
| Tú | estirarías | You would stretch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estiraría | He / she / you would stretch |
| Nosotros / as | estiraríamos | We would stretch |
| Vosotros / as | estiraríais | You would stretch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estirarían | They / you would stretch |
| Vos | estirarías | You would stretch |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will stretch” or “they will stretch”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a estirar” means “They are going to stretch”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estiraré | I will stretch |
| Tú | estirarás | You will stretch |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estirará | He / she / you will stretch |
| Nosotros / as | estiraremos | We will stretch |
| Vosotros / as | estiraréis | You will stretch |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estirarán | They / you will stretch |
| Vos | estirarás | You will stretch |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estire |
| Tú | estires |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estire |
| Nosotros / as | estiremos |
| Vosotros / as | estiréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estiren |
| Vos | estires |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | estirara | estirase |
| Tú | estiraras | estirase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estirara | estirase |
| Nosotros / as | estiráramos | estirásemos |
| Vosotros / as | estirarais | estiraseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estiraran | estirasen |
| Vos | estiraras | estirase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estirare |
| Tú | estirares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estirare |
| Nosotros / as | estiráremos |
| Vosotros / as | estirareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estiraren |
| Vos | estirares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “stretch!” and “don’t stretch!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | estira | no estires |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estire | no estire |
| Nosotros / as | estiremos | no estiremos |
| Vosotros / as | estirad | no estiréis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estiren | no estiren |
| Vos | estirá | no estires |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya estirado |
| Tú | hayas estirado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya estirado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos estirado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis estirado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan estirado |
| Vos | hayas estirado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera estirado / hubiese estirado |
| Tú | hubieras estirado / hubieses estirado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera estirado / hubiese estirado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos estirado / hubiésemos estirado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais estirado / hubieseis estirado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran estirado / hubiesen estirado |
| Vos | hubieras estirado / hubieses estirado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere estirado |
| Tú | hubieres estirado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere estirado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos estirado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis estirado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren estirado |
| Vos | hubieres estirado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté estirando |
| Tú | estés estirando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté estirando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos estirando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis estirando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén estirando |
| Vos | estés estirando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera estirando / estuviese estirando |
| Tú | estuvieras estirando / estuvieses estirando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera estirando / estuviese estirando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos estirando / estuviésamos estirando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais estirando / estuvieseis estirando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera estirando / estuviese estirando |
| Vos | estuvieras estirando / estuvieses estirando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere estirando |
| Tú | estuvieres estirando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere estirando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos estirando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis estirando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere estirando |
| Vos | estuvieres estirando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos estirás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos estiraste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos estirabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos estirarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos estirarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos estires |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos estiraras / Vos estirase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos estirá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no estires |