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Fumar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to smoke”.
Below are all of the conjugations for fumar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to smoke |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | fumar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está fumando) and past continuous (estaba fumando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. smoked).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he smoked and hubiera smoked. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have smoking).
| Gerundio / Gerund | fumando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | smoked |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I smoke” or “they smoke”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | fumo |
| Tú | fumas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | fuma |
| Nosotros / as | fumamos |
| Vosotros / as | fumáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | fuman |
| Vos | fumás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I smoke” or “she smoke” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | fumé | I smoke |
| Tú | fumaste | You smoke |
| Él / Ella / Usted | fumó | He / she / you smoke |
| Nosotros / as | fumamos | We smoke |
| Vosotros / as | fumasteis | You smoke |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | fumaron | They / you smoke |
| Vos | fumaste | You smoke |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was smoked” or “she was smoked” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | fumaba | I was smoked |
| Tú | fumabas | You were smoked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | fumaba | He was / she was / you were smoked |
| Nosotros / as | fumábamos | We were smoked |
| Vosotros / as | fumabais | You were smoked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | fumaban | They / you were smoked |
| Vos | fumabas | You were smoked |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have smoking” and “she has smoking”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he smoked | I have smoking |
| Tú | has smoked | You have smoking |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha smoked | He has / she has / you have smoking |
| Nosotros / as | hemos smoked | We have smoking |
| Vosotros / as | habéis smoked | You have smoking |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han smoked | They / you have smoking |
| Vos | has smoked | You have smoking |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would smoke” or “she would smoke”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | fumaría | I would smoke |
| Tú | fumarías | You would smoke |
| Él / Ella / Usted | fumaría | He / she / you would smoke |
| Nosotros / as | fumaríamos | We would smoke |
| Vosotros / as | fumaríais | You would smoke |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | fumarían | They / you would smoke |
| Vos | fumarías | You would smoke |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will smoke” or “they will smoke”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a fumar” means “They are going to smoke”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | fumaré | I will smoke |
| Tú | fumarás | You will smoke |
| Él / Ella / Usted | fumará | He / she / you will smoke |
| Nosotros / as | fumaremos | We will smoke |
| Vosotros / as | fumaréis | You will smoke |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | fumarán | They / you will smoke |
| Vos | fumarás | You will smoke |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | fume |
| Tú | fumes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | fume |
| Nosotros / as | fumemos |
| Vosotros / as | fuméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | fumen |
| Vos | fumes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | fumara | fumase |
| Tú | fumaras | fumase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | fumara | fumase |
| Nosotros / as | fumáramos | fumásemos |
| Vosotros / as | fumarais | fumaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | fumaran | fumasen |
| Vos | fumaras | fumase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | fumare |
| Tú | fumares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | fumare |
| Nosotros / as | fumáremos |
| Vosotros / as | fumareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | fumaren |
| Vos | fumares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “smoke!” and “don’t smoke!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | fuma | no fumes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | fume | no fume |
| Nosotros / as | fumemos | no fumemos |
| Vosotros / as | fumad | no fuméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | fumen | no fumen |
| Vos | fumá | no fumes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya smoked |
| Tú | hayas smoked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya smoked |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos smoked |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis smoked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan smoked |
| Vos | hayas smoked |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera smoked / hubiese smoked |
| Tú | hubieras smoked / hubieses smoked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera smoked / hubiese smoked |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos smoked / hubiésemos smoked |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais smoked / hubieseis smoked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran smoked / hubiesen smoked |
| Vos | hubieras smoked / hubieses smoked |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere smoked |
| Tú | hubieres smoked |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere smoked |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos smoked |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis smoked |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren smoked |
| Vos | hubieres smoked |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté fumando |
| Tú | estés fumando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté fumando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos fumando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis fumando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén fumando |
| Vos | estés fumando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera fumando / estuviese fumando |
| Tú | estuvieras fumando / estuvieses fumando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera fumando / estuviese fumando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos fumando / estuviésamos fumando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais fumando / estuvieseis fumando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera fumando / estuviese fumando |
| Vos | estuvieras fumando / estuvieses fumando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere fumando |
| Tú | estuvieres fumando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere fumando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos fumando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis fumando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere fumando |
| Vos | estuvieres fumando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos fumás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos fumaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos fumabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos fumarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos fumarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos fumes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos fumaras / Vos fumase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos fumá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no fumes |