Gastar conjugation
Table of Contents
Gastar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to spend money, waste, wear out”.
Below are all of the conjugations for gastar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
Gastar Infinitive
| English Infinitive | to spend money, waste, wear out |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | gastar |
Gastar Gerund and Past Participle
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está gastando) and past continuous (estaba gastando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. wasted).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he wasted and hubiera wasted. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have wasting).
| Gerundio / Gerund | gastando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | wasted |
Gastar Indicative Conjugations
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
Gastar Presente / Present
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I waste” or “they waste”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | gasto |
| Tú | gastas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gasta |
| Nosotros / as | gastamos |
| Vosotros / as | gastáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gastan |
| Vos | gastás |
Gastar Preterite / Pretérito Indefinido
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I waste” or “she waste” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gasté | I waste |
| Tú | gastaste | You waste |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gastó | He / she / you waste |
| Nosotros / as | gastamos | We waste |
| Vosotros / as | gastasteis | You waste |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gastaron | They / you waste |
| Vos | gastaste | You waste |
Gastar Imperfect / Pretérito Imperfecto
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was wasted” or “she was wasted” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gastaba | I was wasted |
| Tú | gastabas | You were wasted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gastaba | He was / she was / you were wasted |
| Nosotros / as | gastábamos | We were wasted |
| Vosotros / as | gastabais | You were wasted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gastaban | They / you were wasted |
| Vos | gastabas | You were wasted |
Gastar Perfect / Perfecto
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have wasting” and “she has wasting”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he wasted | I have wasting |
| Tú | has wasted | You have wasting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha wasted | He has / she has / you have wasting |
| Nosotros / as | hemos wasted | We have wasting |
| Vosotros / as | habéis wasted | You have wasting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han wasted | They / you have wasting |
| Vos | has wasted | You have wasting |
Gastar Conditional / Condicional
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would waste” or “she would waste”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gastaría | I would waste |
| Tú | gastarías | You would waste |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gastaría | He / she / you would waste |
| Nosotros / as | gastaríamos | We would waste |
| Vosotros / as | gastaríais | You would waste |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gastarían | They / you would waste |
| Vos | gastarías | You would waste |
Gastar Future / Futuro
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will waste” or “they will waste”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a gastar” means “They are going to waste”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gastaré | I will waste |
| Tú | gastarás | You will waste |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gastará | He / she / you will waste |
| Nosotros / as | gastaremos | We will waste |
| Vosotros / as | gastaréis | You will waste |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gastarán | They / you will waste |
| Vos | gastarás | You will waste |
Gastar Subjunctive Conjugations
Gastar Present Subjunctive / Presente de Subjuntivo
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | gaste |
| Tú | gastes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gaste |
| Nosotros / as | gastemos |
| Vosotros / as | gastéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gasten |
| Vos | gastes |
Gastar Past Subjunctive / Imperfecto de Subjuntivo
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gastara | gastase |
| Tú | gastaras | gastase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gastara | gastase |
| Nosotros / as | gastáramos | gastásemos |
| Vosotros / as | gastarais | gastaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gastaran | gastasen |
| Vos | gastaras | gastase |
Gastar Future Subjunctive / Futuro de Subjuntivo
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | gastare |
| Tú | gastares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gastare |
| Nosotros / as | gastáremos |
| Vosotros / as | gastareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gastaren |
| Vos | gastares |
Gastar Imperative Conjugations
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “waste!” and “don’t waste!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | gasta | no gastes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gaste | no gaste |
| Nosotros / as | gastemos | no gastemos |
| Vosotros / as | gastad | no gastéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gasten | no gasten |
| Vos | gastá | no gastes |
Gastar Compound Subjunctive Tenses
Gastar Subjunctive Perfect
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya wasted |
| Tú | hayas wasted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya wasted |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos wasted |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis wasted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan wasted |
| Vos | hayas wasted |
Gastar Subjunctive Past Perfect
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera wasted / hubiese wasted |
| Tú | hubieras wasted / hubieses wasted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera wasted / hubiese wasted |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos wasted / hubiésemos wasted |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais wasted / hubieseis wasted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran wasted / hubiesen wasted |
| Vos | hubieras wasted / hubieses wasted |
Gastar Subjunctive Future Perfect
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere wasted |
| Tú | hubieres wasted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere wasted |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos wasted |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis wasted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren wasted |
| Vos | hubieres wasted |
Gastar Subjective Progressive Perfect
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté gastando |
| Tú | estés gastando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté gastando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos gastando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis gastando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén gastando |
| Vos | estés gastando |
Gastar Subjunctive Past Progressive
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera gastando / estuviese gastando |
| Tú | estuvieras gastando / estuvieses gastando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera gastando / estuviese gastando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos gastando / estuviésamos gastando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais gastando / estuvieseis gastando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera gastando / estuviese gastando |
| Vos | estuvieras gastando / estuvieses gastando |
Gastar Subjunctive Future Progressive
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere gastando |
| Tú | estuvieres gastando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere gastando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos gastando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis gastando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere gastando |
| Vos | estuvieres gastando |
Gastar Vos Conjugation
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos gastás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos gastaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos gastabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos gastarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos gastarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos gastes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos gastaras / Vos gastase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos gastá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no gastes |