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Gratificar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to recompense, reward”.
Below are all of the conjugations for gratificar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to recompense, reward |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | gratificar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está gratificando) and past continuous (estaba gratificando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. rewarded).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he rewarded and hubiera rewarded. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have rewarding).
| Gerundio / Gerund | gratificando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | rewarded |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I reward” or “they reward”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | gratifico |
| Tú | gratificas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gratifica |
| Nosotros / as | gratificamos |
| Vosotros / as | gratificáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gratifican |
| Vos | gratificás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I reward” or “she reward” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gratifiqué | I reward |
| Tú | gratificaste | You reward |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gratificó | He / she / you reward |
| Nosotros / as | gratificamos | We reward |
| Vosotros / as | gratificasteis | You reward |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gratificaron | They / you reward |
| Vos | gratificaste | You reward |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was rewarded” or “she was rewarded” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gratificaba | I was rewarded |
| Tú | gratificabas | You were rewarded |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gratificaba | He was / she was / you were rewarded |
| Nosotros / as | gratificábamos | We were rewarded |
| Vosotros / as | gratificabais | You were rewarded |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gratificaban | They / you were rewarded |
| Vos | gratificabas | You were rewarded |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have rewarding” and “she has rewarding”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he rewarded | I have rewarding |
| Tú | has rewarded | You have rewarding |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha rewarded | He has / she has / you have rewarding |
| Nosotros / as | hemos rewarded | We have rewarding |
| Vosotros / as | habéis rewarded | You have rewarding |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han rewarded | They / you have rewarding |
| Vos | has rewarded | You have rewarding |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would reward” or “she would reward”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gratificaría | I would reward |
| Tú | gratificarías | You would reward |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gratificaría | He / she / you would reward |
| Nosotros / as | gratificaríamos | We would reward |
| Vosotros / as | gratificaríais | You would reward |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gratificarían | They / you would reward |
| Vos | gratificarías | You would reward |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will reward” or “they will reward”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a gratificar” means “They are going to reward”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gratificaré | I will reward |
| Tú | gratificarás | You will reward |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gratificará | He / she / you will reward |
| Nosotros / as | gratificaremos | We will reward |
| Vosotros / as | gratificaréis | You will reward |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gratificarán | They / you will reward |
| Vos | gratificarás | You will reward |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | gratifique |
| Tú | gratifiques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gratifique |
| Nosotros / as | gratifiquemos |
| Vosotros / as | gratifiquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gratifiquen |
| Vos | gratifiques |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | gratificara | gratificase |
| Tú | gratificaras | gratificase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gratificara | gratificase |
| Nosotros / as | gratificáramos | gratificásemos |
| Vosotros / as | gratificarais | gratificaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gratificaran | gratificasen |
| Vos | gratificaras | gratificase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | gratificare |
| Tú | gratificares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gratificare |
| Nosotros / as | gratificáremos |
| Vosotros / as | gratificareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gratificaren |
| Vos | gratificares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “reward!” and “don’t reward!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | gratifica | no gratifiques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | gratifique | no gratifique |
| Nosotros / as | gratifiquemos | no gratifiquemos |
| Vosotros / as | gratificad | no gratifiquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | gratifiquen | no gratifiquen |
| Vos | gratificá | no gratifiques |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya rewarded |
| Tú | hayas rewarded |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya rewarded |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos rewarded |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis rewarded |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan rewarded |
| Vos | hayas rewarded |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera rewarded / hubiese rewarded |
| Tú | hubieras rewarded / hubieses rewarded |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera rewarded / hubiese rewarded |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos rewarded / hubiésemos rewarded |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais rewarded / hubieseis rewarded |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran rewarded / hubiesen rewarded |
| Vos | hubieras rewarded / hubieses rewarded |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere rewarded |
| Tú | hubieres rewarded |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere rewarded |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos rewarded |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis rewarded |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren rewarded |
| Vos | hubieres rewarded |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté gratificando |
| Tú | estés gratificando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté gratificando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos gratificando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis gratificando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén gratificando |
| Vos | estés gratificando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera gratificando / estuviese gratificando |
| Tú | estuvieras gratificando / estuvieses gratificando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera gratificando / estuviese gratificando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos gratificando / estuviésamos gratificando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais gratificando / estuvieseis gratificando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera gratificando / estuviese gratificando |
| Vos | estuvieras gratificando / estuvieses gratificando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere gratificando |
| Tú | estuvieres gratificando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere gratificando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos gratificando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis gratificando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere gratificando |
| Vos | estuvieres gratificando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos gratificás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos gratificaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos gratificabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos gratificarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos gratificarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos gratifiques |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos gratificaras / Vos gratificase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos gratificá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no gratifiques |