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Igualar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to equalize, make equal”.
Below are all of the conjugations for igualar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to equalize, make equal |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | igualar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está igualando) and past continuous (estaba igualando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. equalized).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he equalized and hubiera equalized. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have equalizing).
| Gerundio / Gerund | igualando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | equalized |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I equalize” or “they equalize”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | igualo |
| Tú | igualas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | iguala |
| Nosotros / as | igualamos |
| Vosotros / as | igualáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | igualan |
| Vos | igualás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I equalize” or “she equalize” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | igualé | I equalize |
| Tú | igualaste | You equalize |
| Él / Ella / Usted | igualó | He / she / you equalize |
| Nosotros / as | igualamos | We equalize |
| Vosotros / as | igualasteis | You equalize |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | igualaron | They / you equalize |
| Vos | igualaste | You equalize |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was equalized” or “she was equalized” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | igualaba | I was equalized |
| Tú | igualabas | You were equalized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | igualaba | He was / she was / you were equalized |
| Nosotros / as | igualábamos | We were equalized |
| Vosotros / as | igualabais | You were equalized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | igualaban | They / you were equalized |
| Vos | igualabas | You were equalized |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have equalizing” and “she has equalizing”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he equalized | I have equalizing |
| Tú | has equalized | You have equalizing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha equalized | He has / she has / you have equalizing |
| Nosotros / as | hemos equalized | We have equalizing |
| Vosotros / as | habéis equalized | You have equalizing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han equalized | They / you have equalizing |
| Vos | has equalized | You have equalizing |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would equalize” or “she would equalize”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | igualaría | I would equalize |
| Tú | igualarías | You would equalize |
| Él / Ella / Usted | igualaría | He / she / you would equalize |
| Nosotros / as | igualaríamos | We would equalize |
| Vosotros / as | igualaríais | You would equalize |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | igualarían | They / you would equalize |
| Vos | igualarías | You would equalize |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will equalize” or “they will equalize”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a igualar” means “They are going to equalize”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | igualaré | I will equalize |
| Tú | igualarás | You will equalize |
| Él / Ella / Usted | igualará | He / she / you will equalize |
| Nosotros / as | igualaremos | We will equalize |
| Vosotros / as | igualaréis | You will equalize |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | igualarán | They / you will equalize |
| Vos | igualarás | You will equalize |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | iguale |
| Tú | iguales |
| Él / Ella / Usted | iguale |
| Nosotros / as | igualemos |
| Vosotros / as | igualéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | igualen |
| Vos | iguales |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | igualara | igualase |
| Tú | igualaras | igualase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | igualara | igualase |
| Nosotros / as | igualáramos | igualásemos |
| Vosotros / as | igualarais | igualaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | igualaran | igualasen |
| Vos | igualaras | igualase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | igualare |
| Tú | igualares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | igualare |
| Nosotros / as | igualáremos |
| Vosotros / as | igualareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | igualaren |
| Vos | igualares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “equalize!” and “don’t equalize!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | iguala | no iguales |
| Él / Ella / Usted | iguale | no iguale |
| Nosotros / as | igualemos | no igualemos |
| Vosotros / as | igualad | no igualéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | igualen | no igualen |
| Vos | igualá | no iguales |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya equalized |
| Tú | hayas equalized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya equalized |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos equalized |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis equalized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan equalized |
| Vos | hayas equalized |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera equalized / hubiese equalized |
| Tú | hubieras equalized / hubieses equalized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera equalized / hubiese equalized |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos equalized / hubiésemos equalized |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais equalized / hubieseis equalized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran equalized / hubiesen equalized |
| Vos | hubieras equalized / hubieses equalized |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere equalized |
| Tú | hubieres equalized |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere equalized |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos equalized |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis equalized |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren equalized |
| Vos | hubieres equalized |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté igualando |
| Tú | estés igualando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté igualando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos igualando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis igualando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén igualando |
| Vos | estés igualando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera igualando / estuviese igualando |
| Tú | estuvieras igualando / estuvieses igualando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera igualando / estuviese igualando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos igualando / estuviésamos igualando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais igualando / estuvieseis igualando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera igualando / estuviese igualando |
| Vos | estuvieras igualando / estuvieses igualando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere igualando |
| Tú | estuvieres igualando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere igualando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos igualando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis igualando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere igualando |
| Vos | estuvieres igualando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos igualás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos igualaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos igualabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos igualarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos igualarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos iguales |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos igualaras / Vos igualase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos igualá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no iguales |