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Importunar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to bother”.
Below are all of the conjugations for importunar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to bother |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | importunar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está importunando) and past continuous (estaba importunando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. bothering).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he importunado and hubiera importunado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have bothered).
| Gerundio / Gerund | importunando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | importunado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I bother” or “they bother”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | importuno |
| Tú | importunas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | importuna |
| Nosotros / as | importunamos |
| Vosotros / as | importunáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | importunan |
| Vos | importunás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I bothered” or “she bothered” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | importuné | I bothered |
| Tú | importunaste | You bothered |
| Él / Ella / Usted | importunó | He / she / you bothered |
| Nosotros / as | importunamos | We bothered |
| Vosotros / as | importunasteis | You bothered |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | importunaron | They / you bothered |
| Vos | importunaste | You bothered |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was bothering” or “she was bothering” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | importunaba | I was bothering |
| Tú | importunabas | You were bothering |
| Él / Ella / Usted | importunaba | He was / she was / you were bothering |
| Nosotros / as | importunábamos | We were bothering |
| Vosotros / as | importunabais | You were bothering |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | importunaban | They / you were bothering |
| Vos | importunabas | You were bothering |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have bothered” and “she has bothered”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he importunado | I have bothered |
| Tú | has importunado | You have bothered |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha importunado | He has / she has / you have bothered |
| Nosotros / as | hemos importunado | We have bothered |
| Vosotros / as | habéis importunado | You have bothered |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han importunado | They / you have bothered |
| Vos | has importunado | You have bothered |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would bother” or “she would bother”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | importunaría | I would bother |
| Tú | importunarías | You would bother |
| Él / Ella / Usted | importunaría | He / she / you would bother |
| Nosotros / as | importunaríamos | We would bother |
| Vosotros / as | importunaríais | You would bother |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | importunarían | They / you would bother |
| Vos | importunarías | You would bother |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will bother” or “they will bother”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a importunar” means “They are going to bother”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | importunaré | I will bother |
| Tú | importunarás | You will bother |
| Él / Ella / Usted | importunará | He / she / you will bother |
| Nosotros / as | importunaremos | We will bother |
| Vosotros / as | importunaréis | You will bother |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | importunarán | They / you will bother |
| Vos | importunarás | You will bother |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | importune |
| Tú | importunes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | importune |
| Nosotros / as | importunemos |
| Vosotros / as | importunéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | importunen |
| Vos | importunes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | importunara | importunase |
| Tú | importunaras | importunase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | importunara | importunase |
| Nosotros / as | importunáramos | importunásemos |
| Vosotros / as | importunarais | importunaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | importunaran | importunasen |
| Vos | importunaras | importunase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | importunare |
| Tú | importunares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | importunare |
| Nosotros / as | importunáremos |
| Vosotros / as | importunareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | importunaren |
| Vos | importunares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “bother!” and “don’t bother!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | importuna | no importunes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | importune | no importune |
| Nosotros / as | importunemos | no importunemos |
| Vosotros / as | importunad | no importunéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | importunen | no importunen |
| Vos | importuná | no importunes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya importunado |
| Tú | hayas importunado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya importunado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos importunado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis importunado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan importunado |
| Vos | hayas importunado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera importunado / hubiese importunado |
| Tú | hubieras importunado / hubieses importunado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera importunado / hubiese importunado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos importunado / hubiésemos importunado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais importunado / hubieseis importunado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran importunado / hubiesen importunado |
| Vos | hubieras importunado / hubieses importunado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere importunado |
| Tú | hubieres importunado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere importunado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos importunado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis importunado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren importunado |
| Vos | hubieres importunado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté importunando |
| Tú | estés importunando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté importunando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos importunando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis importunando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén importunando |
| Vos | estés importunando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera importunando / estuviese importunando |
| Tú | estuvieras importunando / estuvieses importunando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera importunando / estuviese importunando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos importunando / estuviésamos importunando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais importunando / estuvieseis importunando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera importunando / estuviese importunando |
| Vos | estuvieras importunando / estuvieses importunando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere importunando |
| Tú | estuvieres importunando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere importunando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos importunando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis importunando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere importunando |
| Vos | estuvieres importunando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos importunás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos importunaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos importunabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos importunarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos importunarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos importunes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos importunaras / Vos importunase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos importuná |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no importunes |