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Imputar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to charge with, impute”.
Below are all of the conjugations for imputar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to charge with, impute |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | imputar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está imputando) and past continuous (estaba imputando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. imputing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he imputado and hubiera imputado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have imputed).
| Gerundio / Gerund | imputando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | imputado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I impute” or “they impute”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | imputo |
| Tú | imputas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | imputa |
| Nosotros / as | imputamos |
| Vosotros / as | imputáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | imputan |
| Vos | imputás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I imputed” or “she imputed” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | imputé | I imputed |
| Tú | imputaste | You imputed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | imputó | He / she / you imputed |
| Nosotros / as | imputamos | We imputed |
| Vosotros / as | imputasteis | You imputed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | imputaron | They / you imputed |
| Vos | imputaste | You imputed |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was imputing” or “she was imputing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | imputaba | I was imputing |
| Tú | imputabas | You were imputing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | imputaba | He was / she was / you were imputing |
| Nosotros / as | imputábamos | We were imputing |
| Vosotros / as | imputabais | You were imputing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | imputaban | They / you were imputing |
| Vos | imputabas | You were imputing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have imputed” and “she has imputed”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he imputado | I have imputed |
| Tú | has imputado | You have imputed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha imputado | He has / she has / you have imputed |
| Nosotros / as | hemos imputado | We have imputed |
| Vosotros / as | habéis imputado | You have imputed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han imputado | They / you have imputed |
| Vos | has imputado | You have imputed |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would impute” or “she would impute”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | imputaría | I would impute |
| Tú | imputarías | You would impute |
| Él / Ella / Usted | imputaría | He / she / you would impute |
| Nosotros / as | imputaríamos | We would impute |
| Vosotros / as | imputaríais | You would impute |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | imputarían | They / you would impute |
| Vos | imputarías | You would impute |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will impute” or “they will impute”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a imputar” means “They are going to impute”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | imputaré | I will impute |
| Tú | imputarás | You will impute |
| Él / Ella / Usted | imputará | He / she / you will impute |
| Nosotros / as | imputaremos | We will impute |
| Vosotros / as | imputaréis | You will impute |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | imputarán | They / you will impute |
| Vos | imputarás | You will impute |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | impute |
| Tú | imputes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | impute |
| Nosotros / as | imputemos |
| Vosotros / as | imputéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | imputen |
| Vos | imputes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | imputara | imputase |
| Tú | imputaras | imputase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | imputara | imputase |
| Nosotros / as | imputáramos | imputásemos |
| Vosotros / as | imputarais | imputaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | imputaran | imputasen |
| Vos | imputaras | imputase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | imputare |
| Tú | imputares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | imputare |
| Nosotros / as | imputáremos |
| Vosotros / as | imputareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | imputaren |
| Vos | imputares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “impute!” and “don’t impute!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | imputa | no imputes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | impute | no impute |
| Nosotros / as | imputemos | no imputemos |
| Vosotros / as | imputad | no imputéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | imputen | no imputen |
| Vos | imputá | no imputes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya imputado |
| Tú | hayas imputado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya imputado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos imputado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis imputado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan imputado |
| Vos | hayas imputado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera imputado / hubiese imputado |
| Tú | hubieras imputado / hubieses imputado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera imputado / hubiese imputado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos imputado / hubiésemos imputado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais imputado / hubieseis imputado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran imputado / hubiesen imputado |
| Vos | hubieras imputado / hubieses imputado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere imputado |
| Tú | hubieres imputado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere imputado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos imputado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis imputado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren imputado |
| Vos | hubieres imputado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté imputando |
| Tú | estés imputando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté imputando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos imputando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis imputando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén imputando |
| Vos | estés imputando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera imputando / estuviese imputando |
| Tú | estuvieras imputando / estuvieses imputando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera imputando / estuviese imputando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos imputando / estuviésamos imputando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais imputando / estuvieseis imputando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera imputando / estuviese imputando |
| Vos | estuvieras imputando / estuvieses imputando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere imputando |
| Tú | estuvieres imputando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere imputando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos imputando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis imputando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere imputando |
| Vos | estuvieres imputando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos imputás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos imputaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos imputabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos imputarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos imputarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos imputes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos imputaras / Vos imputase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos imputá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no imputes |