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Incomunicar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to isolate, confine”.
Below are all of the conjugations for incomunicar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to isolate, confine |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | incomunicar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está incomunicando) and past continuous (estaba incomunicando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. isolating).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he incomunicado and hubiera incomunicado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have isolated).
| Gerundio / Gerund | incomunicando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | incomunicado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I isolate” or “they isolate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | incomunico |
| Tú | incomunicas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | incomunica |
| Nosotros / as | incomunicamos |
| Vosotros / as | incomunicáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | incomunican |
| Vos | incomunicás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I isolated” or “she isolated” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | incomuniqué | I isolated |
| Tú | incomunicaste | You isolated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | incomunicó | He / she / you isolated |
| Nosotros / as | incomunicamos | We isolated |
| Vosotros / as | incomunicasteis | You isolated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | incomunicaron | They / you isolated |
| Vos | incomunicaste | You isolated |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was isolating” or “she was isolating” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | incomunicaba | I was isolating |
| Tú | incomunicabas | You were isolating |
| Él / Ella / Usted | incomunicaba | He was / she was / you were isolating |
| Nosotros / as | incomunicábamos | We were isolating |
| Vosotros / as | incomunicabais | You were isolating |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | incomunicaban | They / you were isolating |
| Vos | incomunicabas | You were isolating |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have isolated” and “she has isolated”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he incomunicado | I have isolated |
| Tú | has incomunicado | You have isolated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha incomunicado | He has / she has / you have isolated |
| Nosotros / as | hemos incomunicado | We have isolated |
| Vosotros / as | habéis incomunicado | You have isolated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han incomunicado | They / you have isolated |
| Vos | has incomunicado | You have isolated |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would isolate” or “she would isolate”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | incomunicaría | I would isolate |
| Tú | incomunicarías | You would isolate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | incomunicaría | He / she / you would isolate |
| Nosotros / as | incomunicaríamos | We would isolate |
| Vosotros / as | incomunicaríais | You would isolate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | incomunicarían | They / you would isolate |
| Vos | incomunicarías | You would isolate |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will isolate” or “they will isolate”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a incomunicar” means “They are going to isolate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | incomunicaré | I will isolate |
| Tú | incomunicarás | You will isolate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | incomunicará | He / she / you will isolate |
| Nosotros / as | incomunicaremos | We will isolate |
| Vosotros / as | incomunicaréis | You will isolate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | incomunicarán | They / you will isolate |
| Vos | incomunicarás | You will isolate |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | incomunique |
| Tú | incomuniques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | incomunique |
| Nosotros / as | incomuniquemos |
| Vosotros / as | incomuniquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | incomuniquen |
| Vos | incomuniques |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | incomunicara | incomunicase |
| Tú | incomunicaras | incomunicase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | incomunicara | incomunicase |
| Nosotros / as | incomunicáramos | incomunicásemos |
| Vosotros / as | incomunicarais | incomunicaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | incomunicaran | incomunicasen |
| Vos | incomunicaras | incomunicase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | incomunicare |
| Tú | incomunicares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | incomunicare |
| Nosotros / as | incomunicáremos |
| Vosotros / as | incomunicareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | incomunicaren |
| Vos | incomunicares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “isolate!” and “don’t isolate!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | incomunica | no incomuniques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | incomunique | no incomunique |
| Nosotros / as | incomuniquemos | no incomuniquemos |
| Vosotros / as | incomunicad | no incomuniquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | incomuniquen | no incomuniquen |
| Vos | incomunicá | no incomuniques |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya incomunicado |
| Tú | hayas incomunicado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya incomunicado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos incomunicado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis incomunicado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan incomunicado |
| Vos | hayas incomunicado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera incomunicado / hubiese incomunicado |
| Tú | hubieras incomunicado / hubieses incomunicado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera incomunicado / hubiese incomunicado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos incomunicado / hubiésemos incomunicado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais incomunicado / hubieseis incomunicado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran incomunicado / hubiesen incomunicado |
| Vos | hubieras incomunicado / hubieses incomunicado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere incomunicado |
| Tú | hubieres incomunicado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere incomunicado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos incomunicado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis incomunicado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren incomunicado |
| Vos | hubieres incomunicado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté incomunicando |
| Tú | estés incomunicando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté incomunicando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos incomunicando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis incomunicando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén incomunicando |
| Vos | estés incomunicando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera incomunicando / estuviese incomunicando |
| Tú | estuvieras incomunicando / estuvieses incomunicando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera incomunicando / estuviese incomunicando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos incomunicando / estuviésamos incomunicando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais incomunicando / estuvieseis incomunicando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera incomunicando / estuviese incomunicando |
| Vos | estuvieras incomunicando / estuvieses incomunicando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere incomunicando |
| Tú | estuvieres incomunicando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere incomunicando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos incomunicando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis incomunicando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere incomunicando |
| Vos | estuvieres incomunicando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos incomunicás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos incomunicaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos incomunicabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos incomunicarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos incomunicarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos incomuniques |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos incomunicaras / Vos incomunicase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos incomunicá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no incomuniques |