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Inculcar conjugation

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Inculcar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to inculcate, implant (ideas, knowledge)”.

Below are all of the conjugations for inculcar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.

The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.

The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.

Inculcar Infinitive

English Infinitive to inculcate, implant (ideas, knowledge)
Spanish Infinitive inculcar

Inculcar Gerund and Past Participle

The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está inculcando) and past continuous (estaba inculcando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. implanting knowledge).

The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he inculcado and hubiera inculcado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have implanted knowledge).

Gerundio / Gerund  inculcando
Participio / Past Participle  inculcado

Inculcar Indicative Conjugations

The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.

Inculcar Presente / Present

The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I implant knowledge” or “they implant knowledge”.

Pronoun Spanish
Yo inculco
inculcas
Él / Ella / Usted inculca
Nosotros / as inculcamos
Vosotros / as inculcáis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes inculcan
Vos inculcás

Inculcar Preterite / Pretérito Indefinido

Your simple past tense, e.g. “I implanted knowledge” or “she implanted knowledge” in English.

In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.

Pronoun Spanish English
Yo inculqué I implanted knowledge
inculcaste You implanted knowledge
Él / Ella / Usted inculcó He / she / you implanted knowledge
Nosotros / as inculcamos We implanted knowledge
Vosotros / as inculcasteis You implanted knowledge
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes inculcaron They / you implanted knowledge
Vos inculcaste You implanted knowledge

Inculcar Imperfect / Pretérito Imperfecto

The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was implanting knowledge” or “she was implanting knowledge” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.

Pronoun Spanish English
Yo inculcaba I was implanting knowledge
inculcabas You were implanting knowledge
Él / Ella / Usted inculcaba He was / she was / you were implanting knowledge
Nosotros / as inculcábamos We were implanting knowledge
Vosotros / as inculcabais You were implanting knowledge
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes inculcaban They / you were implanting knowledge
Vos inculcabas You were implanting knowledge

Inculcar Perfect / Perfecto

The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.

In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have implanted knowledge” and “she has implanted knowledge”.

Pronoun Spanish English
Yo he inculcado I have implanted knowledge
has inculcado You have implanted knowledge
Él / Ella / Usted ha inculcado He has / she has / you have implanted knowledge
Nosotros / as hemos inculcado We have implanted knowledge
Vosotros / as habéis inculcado You have implanted knowledge
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes han inculcado They / you have implanted knowledge
Vos has inculcado You have implanted knowledge

Inculcar Conditional / Condicional

The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would implant knowledge” or “she would implant knowledge”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.

Pronoun Spanish Englush
Yo inculcaría I would implant knowledge
inculcarías You would implant knowledge
Él / Ella / Usted inculcaría He / she / you would implant knowledge
Nosotros / as inculcaríamos We would implant knowledge
Vosotros / as inculcaríais You would implant knowledge
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes inculcarían They / you would implant knowledge
Vos inculcarías You would implant knowledge

Inculcar Future / Futuro

The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will implant knowledge” or “they will implant knowledge”.

It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a inculcar” means “They are going to implant knowledge”.

Pronoun Spanish English
Yo inculcaré I will implant knowledge
inculcarás You will implant knowledge
Él / Ella / Usted inculcará He / she / you will implant knowledge
Nosotros / as inculcaremos We will implant knowledge
Vosotros / as inculcaréis You will implant knowledge
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes inculcarán They / you will implant knowledge
Vos inculcarás You will implant knowledge

Inculcar Subjunctive Conjugations

Inculcar Present Subjunctive / Presente de Subjuntivo

Pronoun Spanish
Yo inculque
inculques
Él / Ella / Usted inculque
Nosotros / as inculquemos
Vosotros / as inculquéis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes inculquen
Vos inculques

Inculcar Past Subjunctive / Imperfecto de Subjuntivo

There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.

The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).

There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.

Pronoun Spanish era/ara Spanish ese/ase
Yo inculcara inculcase
inculcaras inculcase
Él / Ella / Usted inculcara inculcase
Nosotros / as inculcáramos inculcásemos
Vosotros / as inculcarais inculcaseis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes inculcaran inculcasen
Vos inculcaras inculcase

Inculcar Future Subjunctive / Futuro de Subjuntivo

The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.

It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.

Pronoun Spanish
Yo inculcare
inculcares
Él / Ella / Usted inculcare
Nosotros / as inculcáremos
Vosotros / as inculcareis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes inculcaren
Vos inculcares

Inculcar Imperative Conjugations

Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “implant knowledge!” and “don’t implant knowledge!”.

Pronoun Spanish Affirmative Spanish Negative
inculca no inculques
Él / Ella / Usted inculque no inculque
Nosotros / as inculquemos no inculquemos
Vosotros / as inculcad no inculquéis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes inculquen no inculquen
Vos inculcá no inculques

Inculcar Compound Subjunctive Tenses

Inculcar Subjunctive Perfect

Pronoun Spanish
Yo haya inculcado
hayas inculcado
Él / Ella / Usted haya inculcado
Nosotros / as hayamos inculcado
Vosotros / as hayáis inculcado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes hayan inculcado
Vos hayas inculcado

Inculcar Subjunctive Past Perfect

Pronoun Spanish
Yo hubiera inculcado / hubiese inculcado
hubieras inculcado / hubieses inculcado
Él / Ella / Usted hubiera inculcado / hubiese inculcado
Nosotros / as hubiéramos inculcado / hubiésemos inculcado
Vosotros / as hubierais inculcado / hubieseis inculcado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes hubieran inculcado / hubiesen inculcado
Vos hubieras inculcado / hubieses inculcado

Inculcar Subjunctive Future Perfect

Pronoun Spanish
Yo hubiere inculcado
hubieres inculcado
Él / Ella / Usted hubiere inculcado
Nosotros / as hubiéremos inculcado
Vosotros / as hubiereis inculcado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes hubieren inculcado
Vos hubieres inculcado

Inculcar Subjective Progressive Perfect

Pronoun Spanish
Yo esté inculcando
estés inculcando
Él / Ella / Usted esté inculcando
Nosotros / as estemos inculcando
Vosotros / as estéis inculcando
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes estén inculcando
Vos estés inculcando

Inculcar Subjunctive Past Progressive

Pronoun Spanish
Yo estuviera inculcando / estuviese inculcando
estuvieras inculcando / estuvieses inculcando
Él / Ella / Usted estuviera inculcando / estuviese inculcando
Nosotros / as estuviéramos inculcando / estuviésamos inculcando
Vosotros / as estuvierais inculcando / estuvieseis inculcando
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes estuviera inculcando / estuviese inculcando
Vos estuvieras inculcando / estuvieses inculcando

Inculcar Subjunctive Future Progressive

Pronoun Spanish
Yo estuviere inculcando
estuvieres inculcando
Él / Ella / Usted estuviere inculcando
Nosotros / as estuviéremos inculcando
Vosotros / as estuviereis inculcando
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes estuviere inculcando
Vos estuvieres inculcando

Inculcar Vos Conjugation

Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.

There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.

The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.

TenseVos Conjugation
Present Indicative
Presente de Indicativo
Vos inculcás
Simle Past / Preterite
Preterite de Indicativo
Vos inculcaste
Imperfect Past
Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo
Vos inculcabas
Conditional
Condicional
Vos inculcarías
Future
Futuro de Indicativo
Vos inculcarás
Present Subjunctive
Presente de Subjunctivo
Vos inculques
Imperfect Subjunctive
Imperfecto de Subjunctivo
Vos inculcaras / Vos inculcase
Affirmative Imperative
Imperativo
Vos inculcá
Negative Imperative
Imperativo Negativo
Vos no inculques