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Indemnizar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to indemnify, compensate”.
Below are all of the conjugations for indemnizar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to indemnify, compensate |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | indemnizar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está indemnizando) and past continuous (estaba indemnizando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. indemnifying).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he indemnizado and hubiera indemnizado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have indemnified).
| Gerundio / Gerund | indemnizando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | indemnizado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I indemnify” or “they indemnify”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | indemnizo |
| Tú | indemnizas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | indemniza |
| Nosotros / as | indemnizamos |
| Vosotros / as | indemnizáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | indemnizan |
| Vos | indemnizás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I indemnified” or “she indemnified” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | indemnicé | I indemnified |
| Tú | indemnizaste | You indemnified |
| Él / Ella / Usted | indemnizó | He / she / you indemnified |
| Nosotros / as | indemnizamos | We indemnified |
| Vosotros / as | indemnizasteis | You indemnified |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | indemnizaron | They / you indemnified |
| Vos | indemnizaste | You indemnified |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was indemnifying” or “she was indemnifying” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | indemnizaba | I was indemnifying |
| Tú | indemnizabas | You were indemnifying |
| Él / Ella / Usted | indemnizaba | He was / she was / you were indemnifying |
| Nosotros / as | indemnizábamos | We were indemnifying |
| Vosotros / as | indemnizabais | You were indemnifying |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | indemnizaban | They / you were indemnifying |
| Vos | indemnizabas | You were indemnifying |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have indemnified” and “she has indemnified”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he indemnizado | I have indemnified |
| Tú | has indemnizado | You have indemnified |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha indemnizado | He has / she has / you have indemnified |
| Nosotros / as | hemos indemnizado | We have indemnified |
| Vosotros / as | habéis indemnizado | You have indemnified |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han indemnizado | They / you have indemnified |
| Vos | has indemnizado | You have indemnified |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would indemnify” or “she would indemnify”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | indemnizaría | I would indemnify |
| Tú | indemnizarías | You would indemnify |
| Él / Ella / Usted | indemnizaría | He / she / you would indemnify |
| Nosotros / as | indemnizaríamos | We would indemnify |
| Vosotros / as | indemnizaríais | You would indemnify |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | indemnizarían | They / you would indemnify |
| Vos | indemnizarías | You would indemnify |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will indemnify” or “they will indemnify”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a indemnizar” means “They are going to indemnify”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | indemnizaré | I will indemnify |
| Tú | indemnizarás | You will indemnify |
| Él / Ella / Usted | indemnizará | He / she / you will indemnify |
| Nosotros / as | indemnizaremos | We will indemnify |
| Vosotros / as | indemnizaréis | You will indemnify |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | indemnizarán | They / you will indemnify |
| Vos | indemnizarás | You will indemnify |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | indemnice |
| Tú | indemnices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | indemnice |
| Nosotros / as | indemnicemos |
| Vosotros / as | indemnicéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | indemnicen |
| Vos | indemnices |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | indemnizara | indemnizase |
| Tú | indemnizaras | indemnizase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | indemnizara | indemnizase |
| Nosotros / as | indemnizáramos | indemnizásemos |
| Vosotros / as | indemnizarais | indemnizaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | indemnizaran | indemnizasen |
| Vos | indemnizaras | indemnizase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | indemnizare |
| Tú | indemnizares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | indemnizare |
| Nosotros / as | indemnizáremos |
| Vosotros / as | indemnizareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | indemnizaren |
| Vos | indemnizares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “indemnify!” and “don’t indemnify!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | indemniza | no indemnices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | indemnice | no indemnice |
| Nosotros / as | indemnicemos | no indemnicemos |
| Vosotros / as | indemnizad | no indemnicéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | indemnicen | no indemnicen |
| Vos | indemnizá | no indemnices |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya indemnizado |
| Tú | hayas indemnizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya indemnizado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos indemnizado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis indemnizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan indemnizado |
| Vos | hayas indemnizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera indemnizado / hubiese indemnizado |
| Tú | hubieras indemnizado / hubieses indemnizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera indemnizado / hubiese indemnizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos indemnizado / hubiésemos indemnizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais indemnizado / hubieseis indemnizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran indemnizado / hubiesen indemnizado |
| Vos | hubieras indemnizado / hubieses indemnizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere indemnizado |
| Tú | hubieres indemnizado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere indemnizado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos indemnizado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis indemnizado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren indemnizado |
| Vos | hubieres indemnizado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté indemnizando |
| Tú | estés indemnizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté indemnizando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos indemnizando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis indemnizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén indemnizando |
| Vos | estés indemnizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera indemnizando / estuviese indemnizando |
| Tú | estuvieras indemnizando / estuvieses indemnizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera indemnizando / estuviese indemnizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos indemnizando / estuviésamos indemnizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais indemnizando / estuvieseis indemnizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera indemnizando / estuviese indemnizando |
| Vos | estuvieras indemnizando / estuvieses indemnizando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere indemnizando |
| Tú | estuvieres indemnizando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere indemnizando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos indemnizando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis indemnizando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere indemnizando |
| Vos | estuvieres indemnizando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos indemnizás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos indemnizaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos indemnizabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos indemnizarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos indemnizarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos indemnices |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos indemnizaras / Vos indemnizase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos indemnizá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no indemnices |