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Infamar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to defame, discredit”.
Below are all of the conjugations for infamar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to defame, discredit |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | infamar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está infamando) and past continuous (estaba infamando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. defaming).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he infamado and hubiera infamado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have defamed).
| Gerundio / Gerund | infamando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | infamado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I defame” or “they defame”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | infamo |
| Tú | infamas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infama |
| Nosotros / as | infamamos |
| Vosotros / as | infamáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infaman |
| Vos | infamás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I defamed” or “she defamed” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infamé | I defamed |
| Tú | infamaste | You defamed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infamó | He / she / you defamed |
| Nosotros / as | infamamos | We defamed |
| Vosotros / as | infamasteis | You defamed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infamaron | They / you defamed |
| Vos | infamaste | You defamed |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was defaming” or “she was defaming” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infamaba | I was defaming |
| Tú | infamabas | You were defaming |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infamaba | He was / she was / you were defaming |
| Nosotros / as | infamábamos | We were defaming |
| Vosotros / as | infamabais | You were defaming |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infamaban | They / you were defaming |
| Vos | infamabas | You were defaming |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have defamed” and “she has defamed”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he infamado | I have defamed |
| Tú | has infamado | You have defamed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha infamado | He has / she has / you have defamed |
| Nosotros / as | hemos infamado | We have defamed |
| Vosotros / as | habéis infamado | You have defamed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han infamado | They / you have defamed |
| Vos | has infamado | You have defamed |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would defame” or “she would defame”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infamaría | I would defame |
| Tú | infamarías | You would defame |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infamaría | He / she / you would defame |
| Nosotros / as | infamaríamos | We would defame |
| Vosotros / as | infamaríais | You would defame |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infamarían | They / you would defame |
| Vos | infamarías | You would defame |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will defame” or “they will defame”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a infamar” means “They are going to defame”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infamaré | I will defame |
| Tú | infamarás | You will defame |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infamará | He / she / you will defame |
| Nosotros / as | infamaremos | We will defame |
| Vosotros / as | infamaréis | You will defame |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infamarán | They / you will defame |
| Vos | infamarás | You will defame |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | infame |
| Tú | infames |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infame |
| Nosotros / as | infamemos |
| Vosotros / as | infaméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infamen |
| Vos | infames |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | infamara | infamase |
| Tú | infamaras | infamase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infamara | infamase |
| Nosotros / as | infamáramos | infamásemos |
| Vosotros / as | infamarais | infamaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infamaran | infamasen |
| Vos | infamaras | infamase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | infamare |
| Tú | infamares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infamare |
| Nosotros / as | infamáremos |
| Vosotros / as | infamareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infamaren |
| Vos | infamares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “defame!” and “don’t defame!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | infama | no infames |
| Él / Ella / Usted | infame | no infame |
| Nosotros / as | infamemos | no infamemos |
| Vosotros / as | infamad | no infaméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | infamen | no infamen |
| Vos | infamá | no infames |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya infamado |
| Tú | hayas infamado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya infamado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos infamado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis infamado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan infamado |
| Vos | hayas infamado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera infamado / hubiese infamado |
| Tú | hubieras infamado / hubieses infamado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera infamado / hubiese infamado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos infamado / hubiésemos infamado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais infamado / hubieseis infamado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran infamado / hubiesen infamado |
| Vos | hubieras infamado / hubieses infamado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere infamado |
| Tú | hubieres infamado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere infamado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos infamado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis infamado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren infamado |
| Vos | hubieres infamado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté infamando |
| Tú | estés infamando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté infamando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos infamando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis infamando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén infamando |
| Vos | estés infamando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera infamando / estuviese infamando |
| Tú | estuvieras infamando / estuvieses infamando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera infamando / estuviese infamando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos infamando / estuviésamos infamando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais infamando / estuvieseis infamando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera infamando / estuviese infamando |
| Vos | estuvieras infamando / estuvieses infamando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere infamando |
| Tú | estuvieres infamando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere infamando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos infamando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis infamando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere infamando |
| Vos | estuvieres infamando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos infamás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos infamaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos infamabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos infamarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos infamarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos infames |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos infamaras / Vos infamase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos infamá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no infames |