Injuriar conjugation
Table of Contents
Injuriar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to abuse, insult, offend”.
Below are all of the conjugations for injuriar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
Injuriar Infinitive
| English Infinitive | to abuse, insult, offend |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | injuriar |
Injuriar Gerund and Past Participle
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está injuriando) and past continuous (estaba injuriando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. abusing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he injuriado and hubiera injuriado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have abused).
| Gerundio / Gerund | injuriando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | injuriado |
Injuriar Indicative Conjugations
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
Injuriar Presente / Present
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I abuse” or “they abuse”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | injurio |
| Tú | injurias |
| Él / Ella / Usted | injuria |
| Nosotros / as | injuriamos |
| Vosotros / as | injuriáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | injurian |
| Vos | injuriás |
Injuriar Preterite / Pretérito Indefinido
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I abused” or “she abused” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | injurié | I abused |
| Tú | injuriaste | You abused |
| Él / Ella / Usted | injurió | He / she / you abused |
| Nosotros / as | injuriamos | We abused |
| Vosotros / as | injuriasteis | You abused |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | injuriaron | They / you abused |
| Vos | injuriaste | You abused |
Injuriar Imperfect / Pretérito Imperfecto
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was abusing” or “she was abusing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | injuriaba | I was abusing |
| Tú | injuriabas | You were abusing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | injuriaba | He was / she was / you were abusing |
| Nosotros / as | injuriábamos | We were abusing |
| Vosotros / as | injuriabais | You were abusing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | injuriaban | They / you were abusing |
| Vos | injuriabas | You were abusing |
Injuriar Perfect / Perfecto
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have abused” and “she has abused”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he injuriado | I have abused |
| Tú | has injuriado | You have abused |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha injuriado | He has / she has / you have abused |
| Nosotros / as | hemos injuriado | We have abused |
| Vosotros / as | habéis injuriado | You have abused |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han injuriado | They / you have abused |
| Vos | has injuriado | You have abused |
Injuriar Conditional / Condicional
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would abuse” or “she would abuse”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | injuriaría | I would abuse |
| Tú | injuriarías | You would abuse |
| Él / Ella / Usted | injuriaría | He / she / you would abuse |
| Nosotros / as | injuriaríamos | We would abuse |
| Vosotros / as | injuriaríais | You would abuse |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | injuriarían | They / you would abuse |
| Vos | injuriarías | You would abuse |
Injuriar Future / Futuro
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will abuse” or “they will abuse”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a injuriar” means “They are going to abuse”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | injuriaré | I will abuse |
| Tú | injuriarás | You will abuse |
| Él / Ella / Usted | injuriará | He / she / you will abuse |
| Nosotros / as | injuriaremos | We will abuse |
| Vosotros / as | injuriaréis | You will abuse |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | injuriarán | They / you will abuse |
| Vos | injuriarás | You will abuse |
Injuriar Subjunctive Conjugations
Injuriar Present Subjunctive / Presente de Subjuntivo
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | injurie |
| Tú | injuries |
| Él / Ella / Usted | injurie |
| Nosotros / as | injuriemos |
| Vosotros / as | injuriéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | injurien |
| Vos | injuries |
Injuriar Past Subjunctive / Imperfecto de Subjuntivo
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | injuriara | injuriase |
| Tú | injuriaras | injuriase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | injuriara | injuriase |
| Nosotros / as | injuriáramos | injuriásemos |
| Vosotros / as | injuriarais | injuriaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | injuriaran | injuriasen |
| Vos | injuriaras | injuriase |
Injuriar Future Subjunctive / Futuro de Subjuntivo
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | injuriare |
| Tú | injuriares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | injuriare |
| Nosotros / as | injuriáremos |
| Vosotros / as | injuriareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | injuriaren |
| Vos | injuriares |
Injuriar Imperative Conjugations
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “abuse!” and “don’t abuse!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | injuria | no injuries |
| Él / Ella / Usted | injurie | no injurie |
| Nosotros / as | injuriemos | no injuriemos |
| Vosotros / as | injuriad | no injuriéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | injurien | no injurien |
| Vos | injuriá | no injuries |
Injuriar Compound Subjunctive Tenses
Injuriar Subjunctive Perfect
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya injuriado |
| Tú | hayas injuriado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya injuriado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos injuriado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis injuriado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan injuriado |
| Vos | hayas injuriado |
Injuriar Subjunctive Past Perfect
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera injuriado / hubiese injuriado |
| Tú | hubieras injuriado / hubieses injuriado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera injuriado / hubiese injuriado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos injuriado / hubiésemos injuriado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais injuriado / hubieseis injuriado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran injuriado / hubiesen injuriado |
| Vos | hubieras injuriado / hubieses injuriado |
Injuriar Subjunctive Future Perfect
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere injuriado |
| Tú | hubieres injuriado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere injuriado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos injuriado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis injuriado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren injuriado |
| Vos | hubieres injuriado |
Injuriar Subjective Progressive Perfect
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté injuriando |
| Tú | estés injuriando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté injuriando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos injuriando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis injuriando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén injuriando |
| Vos | estés injuriando |
Injuriar Subjunctive Past Progressive
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera injuriando / estuviese injuriando |
| Tú | estuvieras injuriando / estuvieses injuriando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera injuriando / estuviese injuriando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos injuriando / estuviésamos injuriando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais injuriando / estuvieseis injuriando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera injuriando / estuviese injuriando |
| Vos | estuvieras injuriando / estuvieses injuriando |
Injuriar Subjunctive Future Progressive
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere injuriando |
| Tú | estuvieres injuriando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere injuriando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos injuriando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis injuriando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere injuriando |
| Vos | estuvieres injuriando |
Injuriar Vos Conjugation
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos injuriás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos injuriaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos injuriabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos injuriarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos injuriarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos injuries |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos injuriaras / Vos injuriase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos injuriá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no injuries |