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Instrumentar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to orchestrate”.
Below are all of the conjugations for instrumentar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to orchestrate |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | instrumentar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está instrumentando) and past continuous (estaba instrumentando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. orchestrating).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he instrumentado and hubiera instrumentado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have orchestrated).
| Gerundio / Gerund | instrumentando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | instrumentado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I orchestrate” or “they orchestrate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | instrumento |
| Tú | instrumentas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | instrumenta |
| Nosotros / as | instrumentamos |
| Vosotros / as | instrumentáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | instrumentan |
| Vos | instrumentás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I orchestrated” or “she orchestrated” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | instrumenté | I orchestrated |
| Tú | instrumentaste | You orchestrated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | instrumentó | He / she / you orchestrated |
| Nosotros / as | instrumentamos | We orchestrated |
| Vosotros / as | instrumentasteis | You orchestrated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | instrumentaron | They / you orchestrated |
| Vos | instrumentaste | You orchestrated |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was orchestrating” or “she was orchestrating” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | instrumentaba | I was orchestrating |
| Tú | instrumentabas | You were orchestrating |
| Él / Ella / Usted | instrumentaba | He was / she was / you were orchestrating |
| Nosotros / as | instrumentábamos | We were orchestrating |
| Vosotros / as | instrumentabais | You were orchestrating |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | instrumentaban | They / you were orchestrating |
| Vos | instrumentabas | You were orchestrating |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have orchestrated” and “she has orchestrated”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he instrumentado | I have orchestrated |
| Tú | has instrumentado | You have orchestrated |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha instrumentado | He has / she has / you have orchestrated |
| Nosotros / as | hemos instrumentado | We have orchestrated |
| Vosotros / as | habéis instrumentado | You have orchestrated |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han instrumentado | They / you have orchestrated |
| Vos | has instrumentado | You have orchestrated |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would orchestrate” or “she would orchestrate”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | instrumentaría | I would orchestrate |
| Tú | instrumentarías | You would orchestrate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | instrumentaría | He / she / you would orchestrate |
| Nosotros / as | instrumentaríamos | We would orchestrate |
| Vosotros / as | instrumentaríais | You would orchestrate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | instrumentarían | They / you would orchestrate |
| Vos | instrumentarías | You would orchestrate |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will orchestrate” or “they will orchestrate”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a instrumentar” means “They are going to orchestrate”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | instrumentaré | I will orchestrate |
| Tú | instrumentarás | You will orchestrate |
| Él / Ella / Usted | instrumentará | He / she / you will orchestrate |
| Nosotros / as | instrumentaremos | We will orchestrate |
| Vosotros / as | instrumentaréis | You will orchestrate |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | instrumentarán | They / you will orchestrate |
| Vos | instrumentarás | You will orchestrate |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | instrumente |
| Tú | instrumentes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | instrumente |
| Nosotros / as | instrumentemos |
| Vosotros / as | instrumentéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | instrumenten |
| Vos | instrumentes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | instrumentara | instrumentase |
| Tú | instrumentaras | instrumentase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | instrumentara | instrumentase |
| Nosotros / as | instrumentáramos | instrumentásemos |
| Vosotros / as | instrumentarais | instrumentaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | instrumentaran | instrumentasen |
| Vos | instrumentaras | instrumentase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | instrumentare |
| Tú | instrumentares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | instrumentare |
| Nosotros / as | instrumentáremos |
| Vosotros / as | instrumentareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | instrumentaren |
| Vos | instrumentares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “orchestrate!” and “don’t orchestrate!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | instrumenta | no instrumentes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | instrumente | no instrumente |
| Nosotros / as | instrumentemos | no instrumentemos |
| Vosotros / as | instrumentad | no instrumentéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | instrumenten | no instrumenten |
| Vos | instrumentá | no instrumentes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya instrumentado |
| Tú | hayas instrumentado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya instrumentado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos instrumentado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis instrumentado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan instrumentado |
| Vos | hayas instrumentado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera instrumentado / hubiese instrumentado |
| Tú | hubieras instrumentado / hubieses instrumentado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera instrumentado / hubiese instrumentado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos instrumentado / hubiésemos instrumentado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais instrumentado / hubieseis instrumentado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran instrumentado / hubiesen instrumentado |
| Vos | hubieras instrumentado / hubieses instrumentado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere instrumentado |
| Tú | hubieres instrumentado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere instrumentado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos instrumentado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis instrumentado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren instrumentado |
| Vos | hubieres instrumentado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté instrumentando |
| Tú | estés instrumentando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté instrumentando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos instrumentando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis instrumentando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén instrumentando |
| Vos | estés instrumentando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera instrumentando / estuviese instrumentando |
| Tú | estuvieras instrumentando / estuvieses instrumentando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera instrumentando / estuviese instrumentando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos instrumentando / estuviésamos instrumentando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais instrumentando / estuvieseis instrumentando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera instrumentando / estuviese instrumentando |
| Vos | estuvieras instrumentando / estuvieses instrumentando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere instrumentando |
| Tú | estuvieres instrumentando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere instrumentando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos instrumentando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis instrumentando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere instrumentando |
| Vos | estuvieres instrumentando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos instrumentás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos instrumentaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos instrumentabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos instrumentarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos instrumentarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos instrumentes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos instrumentaras / Vos instrumentase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos instrumentá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no instrumentes |