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Izar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to hoist”.
Below are all of the conjugations for izar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to hoist |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | izar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está izando) and past continuous (estaba izando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. hoisting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he izado and hubiera izado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have hoisted).
| Gerundio / Gerund | izando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | izado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I hoist” or “they hoist”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | izo |
| Tú | izas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | iza |
| Nosotros / as | izamos |
| Vosotros / as | izáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | izan |
| Vos | izás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I hoisted” or “she hoisted” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | icé | I hoisted |
| Tú | izaste | You hoisted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | izó | He / she / you hoisted |
| Nosotros / as | izamos | We hoisted |
| Vosotros / as | izasteis | You hoisted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | izaron | They / you hoisted |
| Vos | izaste | You hoisted |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was hoisting” or “she was hoisting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | izaba | I was hoisting |
| Tú | izabas | You were hoisting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | izaba | He was / she was / you were hoisting |
| Nosotros / as | izábamos | We were hoisting |
| Vosotros / as | izabais | You were hoisting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | izaban | They / you were hoisting |
| Vos | izabas | You were hoisting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have hoisted” and “she has hoisted”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he izado | I have hoisted |
| Tú | has izado | You have hoisted |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha izado | He has / she has / you have hoisted |
| Nosotros / as | hemos izado | We have hoisted |
| Vosotros / as | habéis izado | You have hoisted |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han izado | They / you have hoisted |
| Vos | has izado | You have hoisted |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would hoist” or “she would hoist”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | izaría | I would hoist |
| Tú | izarías | You would hoist |
| Él / Ella / Usted | izaría | He / she / you would hoist |
| Nosotros / as | izaríamos | We would hoist |
| Vosotros / as | izaríais | You would hoist |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | izarían | They / you would hoist |
| Vos | izarías | You would hoist |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will hoist” or “they will hoist”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a izar” means “They are going to hoist”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | izaré | I will hoist |
| Tú | izarás | You will hoist |
| Él / Ella / Usted | izará | He / she / you will hoist |
| Nosotros / as | izaremos | We will hoist |
| Vosotros / as | izaréis | You will hoist |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | izarán | They / you will hoist |
| Vos | izarás | You will hoist |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | ice |
| Tú | ices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ice |
| Nosotros / as | icemos |
| Vosotros / as | icéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | icen |
| Vos | ices |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | izara | izase |
| Tú | izaras | izase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | izara | izase |
| Nosotros / as | izáramos | izásemos |
| Vosotros / as | izarais | izaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | izaran | izasen |
| Vos | izaras | izase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | izare |
| Tú | izares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | izare |
| Nosotros / as | izáremos |
| Vosotros / as | izareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | izaren |
| Vos | izares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “hoist!” and “don’t hoist!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | iza | no ices |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ice | no ice |
| Nosotros / as | icemos | no icemos |
| Vosotros / as | izad | no icéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | icen | no icen |
| Vos | izá | no ices |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya izado |
| Tú | hayas izado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya izado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos izado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis izado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan izado |
| Vos | hayas izado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera izado / hubiese izado |
| Tú | hubieras izado / hubieses izado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera izado / hubiese izado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos izado / hubiésemos izado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais izado / hubieseis izado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran izado / hubiesen izado |
| Vos | hubieras izado / hubieses izado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere izado |
| Tú | hubieres izado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere izado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos izado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis izado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren izado |
| Vos | hubieres izado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté izando |
| Tú | estés izando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté izando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos izando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis izando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén izando |
| Vos | estés izando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera izando / estuviese izando |
| Tú | estuvieras izando / estuvieses izando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera izando / estuviese izando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos izando / estuviésamos izando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais izando / estuvieseis izando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera izando / estuviese izando |
| Vos | estuvieras izando / estuvieses izando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere izando |
| Tú | estuvieres izando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere izando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos izando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis izando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere izando |
| Vos | estuvieres izando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos izás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos izaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos izabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos izarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos izarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos ices |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos izaras / Vos izase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos izá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no ices |