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Lastimarse is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to hurt oneself, injure, regret”.
It’s a reflexive verb, which means the subject performs the action upon themselves – e.g. “I wake myself”.
Reflexive verbs always carry a reflexive pronoun – me, te, se, nos or os – which is often placed before the conjugated verb (e.g. me lastimo) or after the infinitive (e.g. Él tiene que lastimarse).
Below are all of the conjugations for lastimarse in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to hurt oneself, injure, regret |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | lastimarse |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está lastimándose) and past continuous (estaba lastimándose). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. hurting oneself).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he lastimado and hubiera lastimado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have hurt oneself).
| Gerundio / Gerund | lastimándose |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | lastimado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I hurt oneself” or “they hurt oneself”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me lastimo |
| Tú | te lastimas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se lastima |
| Nosotros / as | nos lastimamos |
| Vosotros / as | os lastimáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se lastiman |
| Vos | lastimás |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I hurt oneself” or “she hurt oneself” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me lastimé | I hurt oneself |
| Tú | te lastimaste | You hurt oneself |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se lastimó | He / she / you hurt oneself |
| Nosotros / as | nos lastimamos | We hurt oneself |
| Vosotros / as | os lastimasteis | You hurt oneself |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se lastimaron | They / you hurt oneself |
| Vos | te lastimaste | You hurt oneself |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was hurting oneself” or “she was hurting oneself” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me lastimaba | I was hurting oneself |
| Tú | te lastimabas | You were hurting oneself |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se lastimaba | He was / she was / you were hurting oneself |
| Nosotros / as | nos lastimábamos | We were hurting oneself |
| Vosotros / as | os lastimabais | You were hurting oneself |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se lastimaban | They / you were hurting oneself |
| Vos | te lastimabas | You were hurting oneself |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have hurt oneself” and “she has hurt oneself”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me he lastimado | I have hurt oneself |
| Tú | te has lastimado | You have hurt oneself |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ha lastimado | He has / she has / you have hurt oneself |
| Nosotros / as | nos hemos lastimado | We have hurt oneself |
| Vosotros / as | os habéis lastimado | You have hurt oneself |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se han lastimado | They / you have hurt oneself |
| Vos | te has lastimado | You have hurt oneself |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would hurt oneself” or “she would hurt oneself”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me lastimaría | I would hurt oneself |
| Tú | te lastimarías | You would hurt oneself |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se lastimaría | He / she / you would hurt oneself |
| Nosotros / as | nos lastimaríamos | We would hurt oneself |
| Vosotros / as | os lastimaríais | You would hurt oneself |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se lastimarían | They / you would hurt oneself |
| Vos | te lastimarías | You would hurt oneself |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will hurt oneself” or “they will hurt oneself”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a lastimarse” means “They are going to hurt oneself”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me lastimaré | I will hurt oneself |
| Tú | te lastimarás | You will hurt oneself |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se lastimará | He / she / you will hurt oneself |
| Nosotros / as | nos lastimaremos | We will hurt oneself |
| Vosotros / as | os lastimaréis | You will hurt oneself |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se lastimarán | They / you will hurt oneself |
| Vos | te lastimarás | You will hurt oneself |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me lastime |
| Tú | te lastimes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se lastime |
| Nosotros / as | nos lastimemos |
| Vosotros / as | os lastiméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se lastimen |
| Vos | te lastimes |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | me lastimara | me lastimase |
| Tú | te lastimaras | me lastimase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se lastimara | se lastimase |
| Nosotros / as | nos lastimáramos | nos lastimásemos |
| Vosotros / as | os lastimarais | os lastimaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se lastimaran | se lastimasen |
| Vos | te lastimaras | me lastimase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | me lastimare |
| Tú | te lastimares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se lastimare |
| Nosotros / as | nos lastimáremos |
| Vosotros / as | os lastimareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se lastimaren |
| Vos | te lastimares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “hurt oneself!” and “don’t hurt oneself!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | lastímate | no te lastimes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | lastímese | no se lastime |
| Nosotros / as | lastimémonos | no nos lastimemos |
| Vosotros / as | lastimaos | no os lastiméis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | lastímense | no se lastimen |
| Vos | lastimá | no te lastimes |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya lastimado |
| Tú | hayas lastimado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya lastimado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos lastimado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis lastimado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan lastimado |
| Vos | hayas lastimado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera lastimado / hubiese lastimado |
| Tú | hubieras lastimado / hubieses lastimado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera lastimado / hubiese lastimado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos lastimado / hubiésemos lastimado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais lastimado / hubieseis lastimado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran lastimado / hubiesen lastimado |
| Vos | hubieras lastimado / hubieses lastimado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere lastimado |
| Tú | hubieres lastimado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere lastimado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos lastimado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis lastimado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren lastimado |
| Vos | hubieres lastimado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté lastimándose |
| Tú | estés lastimándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté lastimándose |
| Nosotros / as | estemos lastimándose |
| Vosotros / as | estéis lastimándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén lastimándose |
| Vos | estés lastimándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera lastimándose / estuviese lastimándose |
| Tú | estuvieras lastimándose / estuvieses lastimándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera lastimándose / estuviese lastimándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos lastimándose / estuviésamos lastimándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais lastimándose / estuvieseis lastimándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera lastimándose / estuviese lastimándose |
| Vos | estuvieras lastimándose / estuvieses lastimándose |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere lastimándose |
| Tú | estuvieres lastimándose |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere lastimándose |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos lastimándose |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis lastimándose |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere lastimándose |
| Vos | estuvieres lastimándose |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos lastimás |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos te lastimaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos te lastimabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos te lastimarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos te lastimarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos te lastimes |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos te lastimaras / Vos me lastimase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos lastimá |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no te lastimes |