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Machucar is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to crush, bruise”.
Below are all of the conjugations for machucar in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to crush, bruise |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | machucar |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está machucando) and past continuous (estaba machucando). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. crushing).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he machucado and hubiera machucado. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have crushed).
| Gerundio / Gerund | machucando |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | machucado |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I crush” or “they crush”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | machuco |
| Tú | machucas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | machuca |
| Nosotros / as | machucamos |
| Vosotros / as | machucáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | machucan |
| Vos |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I crushed” or “she crushed” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | machuqué | I crushed |
| Tú | machucaste | You crushed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | machucó | He / she / you crushed |
| Nosotros / as | machucamos | We crushed |
| Vosotros / as | machucasteis | You crushed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | machucaron | They / you crushed |
| Vos | machucaste | You crushed |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was crushing” or “she was crushing” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | machucaba | I was crushing |
| Tú | machucabas | You were crushing |
| Él / Ella / Usted | machucaba | He was / she was / you were crushing |
| Nosotros / as | machucábamos | We were crushing |
| Vosotros / as | machucabais | You were crushing |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | machucaban | They / you were crushing |
| Vos | machucabas | You were crushing |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have crushed” and “she has crushed”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he machucado | I have crushed |
| Tú | has machucado | You have crushed |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha machucado | He has / she has / you have crushed |
| Nosotros / as | hemos machucado | We have crushed |
| Vosotros / as | habéis machucado | You have crushed |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han machucado | They / you have crushed |
| Vos | has machucado | You have crushed |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would crush” or “she would crush”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | machucaría | I would crush |
| Tú | machucarías | You would crush |
| Él / Ella / Usted | machucaría | He / she / you would crush |
| Nosotros / as | machucaríamos | We would crush |
| Vosotros / as | machucaríais | You would crush |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | machucarían | They / you would crush |
| Vos | machucarías | You would crush |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will crush” or “they will crush”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a machucar” means “They are going to crush”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | machucaré | I will crush |
| Tú | machucarás | You will crush |
| Él / Ella / Usted | machucará | He / she / you will crush |
| Nosotros / as | machucaremos | We will crush |
| Vosotros / as | machucaréis | You will crush |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | machucarán | They / you will crush |
| Vos | machucarás | You will crush |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | machuque |
| Tú | machuques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | machuque |
| Nosotros / as | machuquemos |
| Vosotros / as | machuquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | machuquen |
| Vos | machuques |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | machucara | machucase |
| Tú | machucaras | machucase |
| Él / Ella / Usted | machucara | machucase |
| Nosotros / as | machucáramos | machucásemos |
| Vosotros / as | machucarais | machucaseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | machucaran | machucasen |
| Vos | machucaras | machucase |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | machucare |
| Tú | machucares |
| Él / Ella / Usted | machucare |
| Nosotros / as | machucáremos |
| Vosotros / as | machucareis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | machucaren |
| Vos | machucares |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “crush!” and “don’t crush!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | machuca | no machuques |
| Él / Ella / Usted | machuque | no machuque |
| Nosotros / as | machuquemos | no machuquemos |
| Vosotros / as | machucad | no machuquéis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | machuquen | no machuquen |
| Vos | no machuques |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya machucado |
| Tú | hayas machucado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya machucado |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos machucado |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis machucado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan machucado |
| Vos | hayas machucado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera machucado / hubiese machucado |
| Tú | hubieras machucado / hubieses machucado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera machucado / hubiese machucado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos machucado / hubiésemos machucado |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais machucado / hubieseis machucado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran machucado / hubiesen machucado |
| Vos | hubieras machucado / hubieses machucado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere machucado |
| Tú | hubieres machucado |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere machucado |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos machucado |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis machucado |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren machucado |
| Vos | hubieres machucado |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté machucando |
| Tú | estés machucando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté machucando |
| Nosotros / as | estemos machucando |
| Vosotros / as | estéis machucando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén machucando |
| Vos | estés machucando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera machucando / estuviese machucando |
| Tú | estuvieras machucando / estuvieses machucando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera machucando / estuviese machucando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos machucando / estuviésamos machucando |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais machucando / estuvieseis machucando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera machucando / estuviese machucando |
| Vos | estuvieras machucando / estuvieses machucando |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere machucando |
| Tú | estuvieres machucando |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere machucando |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos machucando |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis machucando |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere machucando |
| Vos | estuvieres machucando |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos machucaste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos machucabas |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos machucarías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos machucarás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos machuques |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos machucaras / Vos machucase |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no machuques |