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Partir is a Spanish verb which translates into English as “to cut / to split”.
Below are all of the conjugations for partir in Spanish, in all three moods (indicative/indicativo, subjunctive/subjunctivo and imperative/imperativo) and all of the tenses, for each pronoun.
The vosotros pronoun is mainly used in mainland Spain, and is the informal second-person plural – it could be considered the Spanish version of “y’all”. It is rarely found in Latin America, where ustedes is used instead.
The vos form is used instead of tú in some Spanish speaking countries of South America, especially the Southern Cone (e.g. Argentina and Uruguay) and has a different conjugation.
| English Infinitive | to cut / to split |
|---|---|
| Spanish Infinitive | partir |
The gerund (gerundio) is used with the continuous tenses, e.g. present continuous (está partiendo) and past continuous (estaba partiendo). The easiest way to think of it is the equivalent of english’s -ing form (e.g. cutting).
The past participle (participio) is used with perfect tense ‘haber’ verbs, e.g. he partido and hubiera partido. These are the equivalent of English’s ‘have’ (e.g. have cut).
| Gerundio / Gerund | partiendo |
|---|---|
| Participio / Past Participle | partido |
The basic form of speech, el indicativo is used for making statements, talking about facts, events and things that are certain and objective.
The present tense is as it sounds – it’s for talking about things that are currently going on, which are habitual, or which generally exist. In English, this would be “I cut” or “they cut”.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | parto |
| Tú | partes |
| Él / Ella / Usted | parte |
| Nosotros / as | partimos |
| Vosotros / as | partís |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | parten |
| Vos | partís |
Your simple past tense, e.g. “I cut” or “she cut” in English.
In Spanish, there are two past tenses where just one is used in English; the pretérite infefinido is typically used to refer to a concrete, specific moment in time.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | partí | I cut |
| Tú | partiste | You cut |
| Él / Ella / Usted | partió | He / she / you cut |
| Nosotros / as | partimos | We cut |
| Vosotros / as | partisteis | You cut |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | partieron | They / you cut |
| Vos | partiste | You cut |
The pretérito imperfecto roughly translates as “I was cutting” or “she was cutting” in English, and is typically used to describe things and set a scene, talk about events without a specific timeframe, or talk about habitual events or states in the past.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | partía | I was cutting |
| Tú | partías | You were cutting |
| Él / Ella / Usted | partía | He was / she was / you were cutting |
| Nosotros / as | partíamos | We were cutting |
| Vosotros / as | partíais | You were cutting |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | partían | They / you were cutting |
| Vos | partías | You were cutting |
The perfect tense is for talking about things which happened in the past but are still related to the present or continue into the present.
In English, these use the auxiliary verbs ‘have’ and ‘has’ – i.e. “I have cut” and “she has cut”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | he partido | I have cut |
| Tú | has partido | You have cut |
| Él / Ella / Usted | ha partido | He has / she has / you have cut |
| Nosotros / as | hemos partido | We have cut |
| Vosotros / as | habéis partido | You have cut |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | han partido | They / you have cut |
| Vos | has partido | You have cut |
The conditional is used in place of the English modal verb “would”, i.e. “I would cut” or “she would cut”. It can be used to talk about hypothetical situations.
| Pronoun | Spanish | Englush |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | partiría | I would cut |
| Tú | partirías | You would cut |
| Él / Ella / Usted | partiría | He / she / you would cut |
| Nosotros / as | partiríamos | We would cut |
| Vosotros / as | partiríais | You would cut |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | partirían | They / you would cut |
| Vos | partirías | You would cut |
The future tense, simply put, replaces the English modal verb “will” – i.e. “I will cut” or “they will cut”.
It is more commonly used for making a hypothesis about the present. To talk about the future, Spanish speakers frequently use “ir + a + infinivo”, e.g. “van a partir” means “They are going to cut”.
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | partiré | I will cut |
| Tú | partirás | You will cut |
| Él / Ella / Usted | partirá | He / she / you will cut |
| Nosotros / as | partiremos | We will cut |
| Vosotros / as | partiréis | You will cut |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | partirán | They / you will cut |
| Vos | partirás | You will cut |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | parta |
| Tú | partas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | parta |
| Nosotros / as | partamos |
| Vosotros / as | partáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | partan |
| Vos | partas |
There are two ways to form the imperfect subjunctive.
The first option sees verbs ending in -era (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ara (for -ar verbs), while the second sees verbs ending in -ese (for -er and -ir verbs) and -ase (for -ar verbs).
There is no difference between these two forms, and Spanish speakers use them interchangeably.
| Pronoun | Spanish era/ara | Spanish ese/ase |
|---|---|---|
| Yo | partiera | partiese |
| Tú | partieras | partiese |
| Él / Ella / Usted | partiera | partiese |
| Nosotros / as | partiéramos | partiésemos |
| Vosotros / as | partierais | partieseis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | partieran | partiesen |
| Vos | partieras | partiese |
The future subjunctive is no longer used in modern-day Spanish, apart from in literary and legal contexts, and there is no need to learn it.
It is formed the same as the past/imperfect subjunctive, but with -e endings instead of -a endings.
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | partiere |
| Tú | partieres |
| Él / Ella / Usted | partiera |
| Nosotros / as | partiéremos |
| Vosotros / as | partiereis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | partieren |
| Vos | partieres |
Used for forming positive and negative commands, e.g. “cut!” and “don’t cut!”.
| Pronoun | Spanish Affirmative | Spanish Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Tú | parte | no partas |
| Él / Ella / Usted | parta | no parta |
| Nosotros / as | partamos | no partamos |
| Vosotros / as | partid | no partáis |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | partan | no partan |
| Vos | partí | no partas |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | haya partido |
| Tú | hayas partido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya partido |
| Nosotros / as | hayamos partido |
| Vosotros / as | hayáis partido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan partido |
| Vos | hayas partido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera partido / hubiese partido |
| Tú | hubieras partido / hubieses partido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera partido / hubiese partido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéramos partido / hubiésemos partido |
| Vosotros / as | hubierais partido / hubieseis partido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran partido / hubiesen partido |
| Vos | hubieras partido / hubieses partido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere partido |
| Tú | hubieres partido |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere partido |
| Nosotros / as | hubiéremos partido |
| Vosotros / as | hubiereis partido |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren partido |
| Vos | hubieres partido |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | esté partiendo |
| Tú | estés partiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | esté partiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estemos partiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estéis partiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estén partiendo |
| Vos | estés partiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviera partiendo / estuviese partiendo |
| Tú | estuvieras partiendo / estuvieses partiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviera partiendo / estuviese partiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéramos partiendo / estuviésamos partiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuvierais partiendo / estuvieseis partiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviera partiendo / estuviese partiendo |
| Vos | estuvieras partiendo / estuvieses partiendo |
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| Yo | estuviere partiendo |
| Tú | estuvieres partiendo |
| Él / Ella / Usted | estuviere partiendo |
| Nosotros / as | estuviéremos partiendo |
| Vosotros / as | estuviereis partiendo |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | estuviere partiendo |
| Vos | estuvieres partiendo |
Voseo is the practice of using ‘vos’ instead of ‘tú’ as the second-person singular pronoun, and is common throughout much of South America.
There are various versions of ‘voseo’ used throughout the Spanish-speaking world. The conjugations for the most common type – used throughout Argentina, parts of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguya and Uruguay are below.
The present indicative (presente de indicativo) and affirmative imperative (imperativo) have different conjugations from the tú form, while all other tenses generally use the tú form.
| Tense | Vos Conjugation |
|---|---|
| Present Indicative Presente de Indicativo | Vos partís |
| Simle Past / Preterite Preterite de Indicativo | Vos partiste |
| Imperfect Past Preterite Imperfecto de Indicativo | Vos partías |
| Conditional Condicional | Vos partirías |
| Future Futuro de Indicativo | Vos partirás |
| Present Subjunctive Presente de Subjunctivo | Vos partas |
| Imperfect Subjunctive Imperfecto de Subjunctivo | Vos partieras / Vos partiese |
| Affirmative Imperative Imperativo | Vos partí |
| Negative Imperative Imperativo Negativo | Vos no partas |
